Index
1 Report Overview
1.1 Study Scope
1.2 Market Analysis by Type
1.2.1 Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size Growth Rate by Type: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
1.2.2 MABs
1.2.3 Recombinant Protein
1.2.4 Others
1.3 Market by Application
1.3.1 Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Growth by Application: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
1.3.2 Oncology
1.3.3 Immunological Disorders
1.3.4 Cardiovascular Disorders (CVDs)
1.3.5 Hematological Disorders
1.3.6 Others
1.4 Study Objectives
1.5 Years Considered
1.6 Years Considered
2 Global Growth Trends
2.1 Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Perspective (2019-2030)
2.2 Biologics Contract Manufacturing Growth Trends by Region
2.2.1 Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
2.2.2 Biologics Contract Manufacturing Historic Market Size by Region (2019-2024)
2.2.3 Biologics Contract Manufacturing Forecasted Market Size by Region (2025-2030)
2.3 Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Dynamics
2.3.1 Biologics Contract Manufacturing Industry Trends
2.3.2 Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Drivers
2.3.3 Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Challenges
2.3.4 Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Restraints
3 Competition Landscape by Key Players
3.1 Global Top Biologics Contract Manufacturing Players by Revenue
3.1.1 Global Top Biologics Contract Manufacturing Players by Revenue (2019-2024)
3.1.2 Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Revenue Market Share by Players (2019-2024)
3.2 Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
3.3 Players Covered: Ranking by Biologics Contract Manufacturing Revenue
3.4 Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Concentration Ratio
3.4.1 Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
3.4.2 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by Biologics Contract Manufacturing Revenue in 2023
3.5 Biologics Contract Manufacturing Key Players Head office and Area Served
3.6 Key Players Biologics Contract Manufacturing Product Solution and Service
3.7 Date of Enter into Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market
3.8 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
4 Biologics Contract Manufacturing Breakdown Data by Type
4.1 Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Historic Market Size by Type (2019-2024)
4.2 Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Forecasted Market Size by Type (2025-2030)
5 Biologics Contract Manufacturing Breakdown Data by Application
5.1 Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Historic Market Size by Application (2019-2024)
5.2 Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Forecasted Market Size by Application (2025-2030)
6 North America
6.1 North America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size (2019-2030)
6.2 North America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
6.3 North America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2019-2024)
6.4 North America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2025-2030)
6.5 United States
6.6 Canada
7 Europe
7.1 Europe Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size (2019-2030)
7.2 Europe Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
7.3 Europe Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2019-2024)
7.4 Europe Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2025-2030)
7.5 Germany
7.6 France
7.7 U.K.
7.8 Italy
7.9 Russia
7.10 Nordic Countries
8 Asia-Pacific
8.1 Asia-Pacific Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size (2019-2030)
8.2 Asia-Pacific Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Growth Rate by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
8.3 Asia-Pacific Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Region (2019-2024)
8.4 Asia-Pacific Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Region (2025-2030)
8.5 China
8.6 Japan
8.7 South Korea
8.8 Southeast Asia
8.9 India
8.10 Australia
9 Latin America
9.1 Latin America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size (2019-2030)
9.2 Latin America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
9.3 Latin America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2019-2024)
9.4 Latin America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2025-2030)
9.5 Mexico
9.6 Brazil
10 Middle East & Africa
10.1 Middle East & Africa Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size (2019-2030)
10.2 Middle East & Africa Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
10.3 Middle East & Africa Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2019-2024)
10.4 Middle East & Africa Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2025-2030)
10.5 Turkey
10.6 Saudi Arabia
10.7 UAE
11 Key Players Profiles
11.1 Wuxi Biologics
11.1.1 Wuxi Biologics Company Detail
11.1.2 Wuxi Biologics Business Overview
11.1.3 Wuxi Biologics Biologics Contract Manufacturing Introduction
11.1.4 Wuxi Biologics Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
11.1.5 Wuxi Biologics Recent Development
11.2 Abzena Ltd.
11.2.1 Abzena Ltd. Company Detail
11.2.2 Abzena Ltd. Business Overview
11.2.3 Abzena Ltd. Biologics Contract Manufacturing Introduction
11.2.4 Abzena Ltd. Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
11.2.5 Abzena Ltd. Recent Development
11.3 FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies U.S.A., Inc.
11.3.1 FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies U.S.A., Inc. Company Detail
11.3.2 FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies U.S.A., Inc. Business Overview
11.3.3 FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies U.S.A., Inc. Biologics Contract Manufacturing Introduction
11.3.4 FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies U.S.A., Inc. Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
11.3.5 FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies U.S.A., Inc. Recent Development
11.4 Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH
11.4.1 Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH Company Detail
11.4.2 Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH Business Overview
11.4.3 Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH Biologics Contract Manufacturing Introduction
11.4.4 Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
11.4.5 Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH Recent Development
11.5 Lonza
11.5.1 Lonza Company Detail
11.5.2 Lonza Business Overview
11.5.3 Lonza Biologics Contract Manufacturing Introduction
11.5.4 Lonza Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
11.5.5 Lonza Recent Development
11.6 SamsungBiologics
11.6.1 SamsungBiologics Company Detail
11.6.2 SamsungBiologics Business Overview
11.6.3 SamsungBiologics Biologics Contract Manufacturing Introduction
11.6.4 SamsungBiologics Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
11.6.5 SamsungBiologics Recent Development
11.7 Abbvie
11.7.1 Abbvie Company Detail
11.7.2 Abbvie Business Overview
11.7.3 Abbvie Biologics Contract Manufacturing Introduction
11.7.4 Abbvie Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
11.7.5 Abbvie Recent Development
11.8 Catalent
11.8.1 Catalent Company Detail
11.8.2 Catalent Business Overview
11.8.3 Catalent Biologics Contract Manufacturing Introduction
11.8.4 Catalent Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
11.8.5 Catalent Recent Development
11.9 Bioreliance
11.9.1 Bioreliance Company Detail
11.9.2 Bioreliance Business Overview
11.9.3 Bioreliance Biologics Contract Manufacturing Introduction
11.9.4 Bioreliance Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
11.9.5 Bioreliance Recent Development
11.10 Thermo Fischer (Patheon)
11.10.1 Thermo Fischer (Patheon) Company Detail
11.10.2 Thermo Fischer (Patheon) Business Overview
11.10.3 Thermo Fischer (Patheon) Biologics Contract Manufacturing Introduction
11.10.4 Thermo Fischer (Patheon) Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
11.10.5 Thermo Fischer (Patheon) Recent Development
11.11 Eurofins CDMO
11.11.1 Eurofins CDMO Company Detail
11.11.2 Eurofins CDMO Business Overview
11.11.3 Eurofins CDMO Biologics Contract Manufacturing Introduction
11.11.4 Eurofins CDMO Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
11.11.5 Eurofins CDMO Recent Development
12 Analyst's Viewpoints/Conclusions
13 Appendix
13.1 Research Methodology
13.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.2 Data Source
13.2 Disclaimer
13.3 Author Details
List of Tables
List of Tables
Table 1. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size Growth Rate by Type (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Table 2. Key Players of MABs
Table 3. Key Players of Recombinant Protein
Table 4. Key Players of Others
Table 5. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size Growth by Application (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Table 6. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Table 7. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Region (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 8. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 9. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Forecasted Market Size by Region (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 10. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Share by Region (2025-2030)
Table 11. Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Trends
Table 12. Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Drivers
Table 13. Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Challenges
Table 14. Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Restraints
Table 15. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Revenue by Players (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 16. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Share by Players (2019-2024)
Table 17. Global Top Biologics Contract Manufacturing Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing as of 2023)
Table 18. Ranking of Global Top Biologics Contract Manufacturing Companies by Revenue (US$ Million) in 2023
Table 19. Global 5 Largest Players Market Share by Biologics Contract Manufacturing Revenue (CR5 and HHI) & (2019-2024)
Table 20. Key Players Headquarters and Area Served
Table 21. Key Players Biologics Contract Manufacturing Product Solution and Service
Table 22. Date of Enter into Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market
Table 23. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 24. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 25. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 26. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Forecasted Market Size by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 27. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Revenue Market Share by Type (2025-2030)
Table 28. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 29. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 30. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Forecasted Market Size by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 31. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Revenue Market Share by Application (2025-2030)
Table 32. North America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Table 33. North America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 34. North America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 35. Europe Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Table 36. Europe Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 37. Europe Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 38. Asia-Pacific Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size Growth Rate by Region (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Table 39. Asia-Pacific Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Region (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 40. Asia-Pacific Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Region (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 41. Latin America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Table 42. Latin America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 43. Latin America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 44. Middle East & Africa Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Table 45. Middle East & Africa Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 46. Middle East & Africa Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
Table 47. Wuxi Biologics Company Detail
Table 48. Wuxi Biologics Business Overview
Table 49. Wuxi Biologics Biologics Contract Manufacturing Product
Table 50. Wuxi Biologics Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 51. Wuxi Biologics Recent Development
Table 52. Abzena Ltd. Company Detail
Table 53. Abzena Ltd. Business Overview
Table 54. Abzena Ltd. Biologics Contract Manufacturing Product
Table 55. Abzena Ltd. Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 56. Abzena Ltd. Recent Development
Table 57. FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies U.S.A., Inc. Company Detail
Table 58. FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies U.S.A., Inc. Business Overview
Table 59. FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies U.S.A., Inc. Biologics Contract Manufacturing Product
Table 60. FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies U.S.A., Inc. Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 61. FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies U.S.A., Inc. Recent Development
Table 62. Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH Company Detail
Table 63. Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH Business Overview
Table 64. Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH Biologics Contract Manufacturing Product
Table 65. Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 66. Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH Recent Development
Table 67. Lonza Company Detail
Table 68. Lonza Business Overview
Table 69. Lonza Biologics Contract Manufacturing Product
Table 70. Lonza Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 71. Lonza Recent Development
Table 72. SamsungBiologics Company Detail
Table 73. SamsungBiologics Business Overview
Table 74. SamsungBiologics Biologics Contract Manufacturing Product
Table 75. SamsungBiologics Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 76. SamsungBiologics Recent Development
Table 77. Abbvie Company Detail
Table 78. Abbvie Business Overview
Table 79. Abbvie Biologics Contract Manufacturing Product
Table 80. Abbvie Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 81. Abbvie Recent Development
Table 82. Catalent Company Detail
Table 83. Catalent Business Overview
Table 84. Catalent Biologics Contract Manufacturing Product
Table 85. Catalent Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 86. Catalent Recent Development
Table 87. Bioreliance Company Detail
Table 88. Bioreliance Business Overview
Table 89. Bioreliance Biologics Contract Manufacturing Product
Table 90. Bioreliance Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 91. Bioreliance Recent Development
Table 92. Thermo Fischer (Patheon) Company Detail
Table 93. Thermo Fischer (Patheon) Business Overview
Table 94. Thermo Fischer (Patheon) Biologics Contract Manufacturing Product
Table 95. Thermo Fischer (Patheon) Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 96. Thermo Fischer (Patheon) Recent Development
Table 97. Eurofins CDMO Company Detail
Table 98. Eurofins CDMO Business Overview
Table 99. Eurofins CDMO Biologics Contract Manufacturing Product
Table 100. Eurofins CDMO Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 101. Eurofins CDMO Recent Development
Table 102. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 103. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 104. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size Comparison by Type (2024-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 2. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Share by Type: 2023 VS 2030
Figure 3. MABs Features
Figure 4. Recombinant Protein Features
Figure 5. Others Features
Figure 6. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size Comparison by Application (2024-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 7. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Share by Application: 2023 VS 2030
Figure 8. Oncology Case Studies
Figure 9. Immunological Disorders Case Studies
Figure 10. Cardiovascular Disorders (CVDs) Case Studies
Figure 11. Hematological Disorders Case Studies
Figure 12. Others Case Studies
Figure 13. Biologics Contract Manufacturing Report Years Considered
Figure 14. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size (US$ Million), Year-over-Year: 2019-2030
Figure 15. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size, (US$ Million), 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Figure 16. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Share by Region: 2023 VS 2030
Figure 17. Global Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Share by Players in 2023
Figure 18. Global Top Biologics Contract Manufacturing Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Biologics Contract Manufacturing as of 2023)
Figure 19. The Top 10 and 5 Players Market Share by Biologics Contract Manufacturing Revenue in 2023
Figure 20. North America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 21. North America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 22. United States Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 23. Canada Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 24. Europe Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 25. Europe Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 26. Germany Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 27. France Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 28. U.K. Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 29. Italy Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 30. Russia Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 31. Nordic Countries Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 32. Asia-Pacific Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 33. Asia-Pacific Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 34. China Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 35. Japan Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 36. South Korea Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 37. Southeast Asia Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 38. India Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 39. Australia Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 40. Latin America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 41. Latin America Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 42. Mexico Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 43. Brazil Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 44. Middle East & Africa Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 45. Middle East & Africa Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 46. Turkey Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 47. Saudi Arabia Biologics Contract Manufacturing Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
Figure 48. Wuxi Biologics Revenue Growth Rate in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
Figure 49. Abzena Ltd. Revenue Growth Rate in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
Figure 50. FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies U.S.A., Inc. Revenue Growth Rate in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
Figure 51. Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH Revenue Growth Rate in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
Figure 52. Lonza Revenue Growth Rate in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
Figure 53. SamsungBiologics Revenue Growth Rate in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
Figure 54. Abbvie Revenue Growth Rate in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
Figure 55. Catalent Revenue Growth Rate in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
Figure 56. Bioreliance Revenue Growth Rate in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
Figure 57. Thermo Fischer (Patheon) Revenue Growth Rate in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
Figure 58. Eurofins CDMO Revenue Growth Rate in Biologics Contract Manufacturing Business (2019-2024)
Figure 59. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 60. Data Triangulation
Figure 61. Key Executives Interviewed