The Market Reports

Index

1 Composite Bipolar Plates Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Composite Bipolar Plates
1.2 Composite Bipolar Plates Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Market Size Growth Rate Analysis by Type 2021 VS 2027
1.2.2 Metal-based Polymer Composite
1.2.3 Carbon-based Polymer Composite
1.2.4 Carbon/Carbon Composite
1.2.5 Others
1.3 Composite Bipolar Plates Segment by Application
1.3.1 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Comparison by Application: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
1.3.2 Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC)
1.3.3 Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC)
1.3.4 Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells (MCFC)
1.3.5 Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells (PAFC)
1.3.6 Others
1.4 Global Market Growth Prospects
1.4.1 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.4.2 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5 Global Market Size by Region
1.5.1 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Market Size Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
1.5.2 North America Composite Bipolar Plates Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5.3 Europe Composite Bipolar Plates Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5.4 China Composite Bipolar Plates Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5.5 Japan Composite Bipolar Plates Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5.6 South Korea Composite Bipolar Plates Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)

2 Market Competition by Manufacturers
2.1 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.2 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.3 Composite Bipolar Plates Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)
2.4 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Average Price by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.5 Manufacturers Composite Bipolar Plates Production Sites, Area Served, Product Types
2.6 Composite Bipolar Plates Market Competitive Situation and Trends
2.6.1 Composite Bipolar Plates Market Concentration Rate
2.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Composite Bipolar Plates Players Market Share by Revenue
2.6.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 Production and Capacity by Region
3.1 Global Production of Composite Bipolar Plates Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
3.2 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
3.3 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.4 North America Composite Bipolar Plates Production
3.4.1 North America Composite Bipolar Plates Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.4.2 North America Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.5 Europe Composite Bipolar Plates Production
3.5.1 Europe Composite Bipolar Plates Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.5.2 Europe Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.6 China Composite Bipolar Plates Production
3.6.1 China Composite Bipolar Plates Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.6.2 China Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.7 Japan Composite Bipolar Plates Production
3.7.1 Japan Composite Bipolar Plates Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.7.2 Japan Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.8 South Korea Composite Bipolar Plates Production
3.8.1 South Korea Composite Bipolar Plates Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.8.2 South Korea Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)

4 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption by Region
4.1 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption by Region
4.1.1 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption by Region
4.1.2 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Market Share by Region
4.2 North America
4.2.1 North America Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption by Country
4.2.2 United States
4.2.3 Canada
4.3 Europe
4.3.1 Europe Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption by Country
4.3.2 Germany
4.3.3 France
4.3.4 U.K.
4.3.5 Italy
4.3.6 Russia
4.4 Asia Pacific
4.4.1 Asia Pacific Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption by Region
4.4.2 China
4.4.3 Japan
4.4.4 South Korea
4.4.5 Taiwan
4.4.6 Southeast Asia
4.4.7 India
4.4.8 Australia
4.5 Latin America
4.5.1 Latin America Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption by Country
4.5.2 Mexico
4.5.3 Brazil

5 Production, Revenue, Price Trend by Type
5.1 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
5.2 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
5.3 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Price by Type (2016-2021)

6 Consumption Analysis by Application
6.1 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
6.2 Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021)

7 Key Companies Profiled
7.1 Dana
7.1.1 Dana Composite Bipolar Plates Corporation Information
7.1.2 Dana Composite Bipolar Plates Product Portfolio
7.1.3 Dana Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.1.4 Dana Main Business and Markets Served
7.1.5 Dana Recent Developments/Updates
7.2 Nisshinbo
7.2.1 Nisshinbo Composite Bipolar Plates Corporation Information
7.2.2 Nisshinbo Composite Bipolar Plates Product Portfolio
7.2.3 Nisshinbo Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.2.4 Nisshinbo Main Business and Markets Served
7.2.5 Nisshinbo Recent Developments/Updates
7.3 FJ Composite
7.3.1 FJ Composite Composite Bipolar Plates Corporation Information
7.3.2 FJ Composite Composite Bipolar Plates Product Portfolio
7.3.3 FJ Composite Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.3.4 FJ Composite Main Business and Markets Served
7.3.5 FJ Composite Recent Developments/Updates
7.4 VinaTech (Ace Creation)
7.4.1 VinaTech (Ace Creation) Composite Bipolar Plates Corporation Information
7.4.2 VinaTech (Ace Creation) Composite Bipolar Plates Product Portfolio
7.4.3 VinaTech (Ace Creation) Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.4.4 VinaTech (Ace Creation) Main Business and Markets Served
7.4.5 VinaTech (Ace Creation) Recent Developments/Updates

8 Composite Bipolar Plates Manufacturing Cost Analysis
8.1 Composite Bipolar Plates Key Raw Materials Analysis
8.1.1 Key Raw Materials
8.1.2 Key Raw Materials Price Trend
8.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
8.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
8.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Composite Bipolar Plates
8.4 Composite Bipolar Plates Industrial Chain Analysis

9 Marketing Channel, Distributors and Customers
9.1 Marketing Channel
9.2 Composite Bipolar Plates Distributors List
9.3 Composite Bipolar Plates Customers

10 Market Dynamics
10.1 Composite Bipolar Plates Industry Trends
10.2 Composite Bipolar Plates Growth Drivers
10.3 Composite Bipolar Plates Market Challenges
10.4 Composite Bipolar Plates Market Restraints

11 Production and Supply Forecast
11.1 Global Forecasted Production of Composite Bipolar Plates by Region (2022-2027)
11.2 North America Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
11.3 Europe Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
11.4 China Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
11.5 Japan Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
11.6 South Korea Composite Bipolar Plates Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)

12 Consumption and Demand Forecast
12.1 Global Forecasted Demand Analysis of Composite Bipolar Plates
12.2 North America Forecasted Consumption of Composite Bipolar Plates by Country
12.3 Europe Market Forecasted Consumption of Composite Bipolar Plates by Country
12.4 Asia Pacific Market Forecasted Consumption of Composite Bipolar Plates by Region
12.5 Latin America Forecasted Consumption of Composite Bipolar Plates by Country

13 Forecast by Type and by Application (2022-2027)
13.1 Global Production, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
13.1.1 Global Forecasted Production of Composite Bipolar Plates by Type (2022-2027)
13.1.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Composite Bipolar Plates by Type (2022-2027)
13.1.3 Global Forecasted Price of Composite Bipolar Plates by Type (2022-2027)
13.2 Global Forecasted Consumption of Composite Bipolar Plates by Application (2022-2027)

14 Research Finding and Conclusion

15 Methodology and Data Source
15.1 Methodology/Research Approach
15.1.1 Research Programs/Design
15.1.2 Market Size Estimation
15.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
15.2 Data Source
15.2.1 Secondary Sources
15.2.2 Primary Sources
15.3 Author List
15.4 Disclaimer

List of Tables

List of Tables
Table 1. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Market Size by Type (K Pcs) & (US$ Million) (2021 VS 2027)
Table 2. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption (K Pcs) Comparison by Application: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
Table 3. Composite Bipolar Plates Market Size Comparison by Region: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
Table 4. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) by Manufacturers
Table 5. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 6. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 7. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue (US$ Million) by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 8. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 9. Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Composite Bipolar Plates as of 2020)
Table 10. Global Market Composite Bipolar Plates Average Price (USD/Pcs) of Key Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 11. Manufacturers Composite Bipolar Plates Production Sites and Area Served
Table 12. Manufacturers Composite Bipolar Plates Product Types
Table 13. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
Table 14. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) by Region (2016-2021)
Table 15. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue (US$ Million) by Region (2016-2021)
Table 16. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 17. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Pcs) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 18. North America Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Pcs) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 19. Europe Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Pcs) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 20. China Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Pcs) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 21. Japan Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Pcs) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 22. South Korea Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Pcs) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 23. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Market by Region (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Table 24. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 25. North America Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption by Country (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Table 26. Europe Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption by Country (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Table 27. Asia Pacific Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption by Region (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Table 28. Latin America Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption by Countries (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Table 29. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 30. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 31. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue (US$ Million) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 32. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 33. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Price (USD/Pcs) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 34. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption by Application (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Table 35. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 36. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021)
Table 37. Dana Composite Bipolar Plates Corporation Information
Table 38. Dana Specification and Application
Table 39. Dana Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Pcs) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 40. Dana Main Business and Markets Served
Table 41. Dana Recent Developments/Updates
Table 42. Nisshinbo Composite Bipolar Plates Corporation Information
Table 43. Nisshinbo Specification and Application
Table 44. Nisshinbo Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Pcs) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 45. Nisshinbo Main Business and Markets Served
Table 46. Nisshinbo Recent Developments/Updates
Table 47. FJ Composite Composite Bipolar Plates Corporation Information
Table 48. FJ Composite Specification and Application
Table 49. FJ Composite Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Pcs) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 50. FJ Composite Main Business and Markets Served
Table 51. FJ Composite Recent Developments/Updates
Table 52. VinaTech (Ace Creation) Composite Bipolar Plates Corporation Information
Table 53. VinaTech (Ace Creation) Specification and Application
Table 54. VinaTech (Ace Creation) Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/Pcs) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 55. VinaTech (Ace Creation) Main Business and Markets Served
Table 56. VinaTech (Ace Creation) Recent Developments/Updates
Table 57. Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Table 58. Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Table 59. Composite Bipolar Plates Distributors List
Table 60. Composite Bipolar Plates Customers List
Table 61. Composite Bipolar Plates Market Trends
Table 62. Composite Bipolar Plates Growth Drivers
Table 63. Composite Bipolar Plates Market Challenges
Table 64. Composite Bipolar Plates Market Restraints
Table 65. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 66. North America Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (K Pcs)
Table 67. Europe Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (K Pcs)
Table 68. Asia Pacific Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Forecast by Region (2022-2027) & (K Pcs)
Table 69. Latin America Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (K Pcs)
Table 70. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (K Pcs)
Table 71. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 72. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Price Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (USD/Pcs)
Table 73. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption (K Pcs) Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table 74. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 75. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 76. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Composite Bipolar Plates
Figure 2. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Market Share by Type: 2020 VS 2027
Figure 3. Metal-based Polymer Composite Product Picture
Figure 4. Carbon-based Polymer Composite Product Picture
Figure 5. Carbon/Carbon Composite Product Picture
Figure 6. Others Product Picture
Figure 7. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Market Share by Application: 2020 VS 2027
Figure 8. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC)
Figure 9. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC)
Figure 10. Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells (MCFC)
Figure 11. Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells (PAFC)
Figure 12. Others
Figure 13. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue (US$ Million), 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
Figure 14. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue (US$ Million) (2016-2027)
Figure 15. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) & (2016-2027)
Figure 16. North America Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 17. Europe Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 18. China Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 19. Japan Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 20. South Korea Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 21. Composite Bipolar Plates Production Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 22. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 23. Composite Bipolar Plates Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2016 VS 2020
Figure 24. Global Market Composite Bipolar Plates Average Price (USD/Pcs) of Key Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 25. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue in 2020
Figure 26. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 27. North America Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 28. Europe Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 29. China Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 30. Japan Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 31. South Korea Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 32. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 33. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 34. North America Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 35. North America Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 36. Canada Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 37. U.S. Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 38. Europe Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 39. Europe Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 40. Germany America Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 41. France Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 42. U.K. Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 43. Italy Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 44. Russia Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 45. Asia Pacific Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 46. Asia Pacific Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Market Share by Regions in 2020
Figure 47. China Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 48. Japan Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 49. South Korea Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 50. Taiwan Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 51. Southeast Asia Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 52. India Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 53. Australia Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 54. Latin America Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 55. Latin America Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 56. Mexico Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 57. Brazil Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (K Pcs)
Figure 58. Production Market Share of Composite Bipolar Plates by Type (2016-2021)
Figure 59. Production Market Share of Composite Bipolar Plates by Type in 2020
Figure 60. Revenue Share of Composite Bipolar Plates by Type (2016-2021)
Figure 61. Revenue Market Share of Composite Bipolar Plates by Type in 2020
Figure 62. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 63. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 64. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 65. Key Raw Materials Price Trend
Figure 66. Manufacturing Cost Structure of Composite Bipolar Plates
Figure 67. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Composite Bipolar Plates
Figure 68. Composite Bipolar Plates Industrial Chain Analysis
Figure 69. Channels of Distribution
Figure 70. Distributors Profiles
Figure 71. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production Market Share Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Figure 72. North America Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 73. Europe Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 74. China Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 75. Japan Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 76. South Korea Composite Bipolar Plates Production (K Pcs) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 77. Global Forecasted Demand Analysis of Composite Bipolar Plates (2015-2027) & (K Pcs)
Figure 78. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Production Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Figure 79. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Figure 80. Global Composite Bipolar Plates Consumption Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Figure 81. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 82. Data Triangulation