The Market Reports

Index

1 Danshensu Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Danshensu
1.2 Danshensu Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Danshensu Market Size Growth Rate Analysis by Type 2021 VS 2027
1.2.2 Less Than 98%
1.2.3 More Than 98%
1.3 Danshensu Segment by Application
1.3.1 Global Danshensu Consumption Comparison by Application: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
1.3.2 Diastolic Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle
1.3.3 Myocardial Infarction
1.4 Global Market Growth Prospects
1.4.1 Global Danshensu Revenue Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.4.2 Global Danshensu Production Capacity Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.4.3 Global Danshensu Production Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5 Global Danshensu Market by Region
1.5.1 Global Danshensu Market Size Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
1.5.2 North America Danshensu Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5.3 Europe Danshensu Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5.5 China Danshensu Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5.5 Japan Danshensu Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5.6 India Danshensu Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)

2 Market Competition by Manufacturers
2.1 Global Danshensu Production Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.2 Global Danshensu Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.3 Danshensu Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)
2.4 Global Danshensu Average Price by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.5 Manufacturers Danshensu Production Sites, Area Served, Product Types
2.6 Danshensu Market Competitive Situation and Trends
2.6.1 Danshensu Market Concentration Rate
2.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Danshensu Players Market Share by Revenue
2.6.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 Production and Capacity by Region
3.1 Global Production Capacity of Danshensu Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
3.2 Global Danshensu Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
3.3 Global Danshensu Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.4 North America Danshensu Production
3.4.1 North America Danshensu Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.4.2 North America Danshensu Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.5 Europe Danshensu Production
3.5.1 Europe Danshensu Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.5.2 Europe Danshensu Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.6 China Danshensu Production
3.6.1 China Danshensu Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.6.2 China Danshensu Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.7 Japan Danshensu Production
3.7.1 Japan Danshensu Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.7.2 Japan Danshensu Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.8 India Danshensu Production
3.8.1 India Danshensu Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.8.2 India Danshensu Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)

4 Global Danshensu Consumption by Region
4.1 Global Danshensu Consumption by Region
4.1.1 Global Danshensu Consumption by Region
4.1.2 Global Danshensu Consumption Market Share by Region
4.2 North America
4.2.1 North America Danshensu Consumption by Country
4.2.2 U.S.
4.2.3 Canada
4.3 Europe
4.3.1 Europe Danshensu Consumption by Country
4.3.2 Germany
4.3.3 France
4.3.4 U.K.
4.3.5 Italy
4.3.6 Russia
4.4 Asia Pacific
4.4.1 Asia Pacific Danshensu Consumption by Region
4.4.2 China
4.4.3 Japan
4.4.4 South Korea
4.4.5 Taiwan
4.4.6 Southeast Asia
4.4.7 India
4.4.8 Australia
4.5 Latin America
4.5.1 Latin America Danshensu Consumption by Country
4.5.2 Mexico
4.5.3 Brazil

5 Production, Revenue, Price Trend by Type
5.1 Global Danshensu Production Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
5.2 Global Danshensu Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
5.3 Global Danshensu Price by Type (2016-2021)

6 Consumption Analysis by Application
6.1 Global Danshensu Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
6.2 Global Danshensu Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021)

7 Key Companies Profiled
7.1 BOC Sciences
7.1.1 BOC Sciences Danshensu Corporation Information
7.1.2 BOC Sciences Danshensu Product Portfolio
7.1.3 BOC Sciences Danshensu Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.1.4 BOC Sciences Main Business and Markets Served
7.1.5 BOC Sciences Recent Developments/Updates
7.2 BLDpharm
7.2.1 BLDpharm Danshensu Corporation Information
7.2.2 BLDpharm Danshensu Product Portfolio
7.2.3 BLDpharm Danshensu Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.2.4 BLDpharm Main Business and Markets Served
7.2.5 BLDpharm Recent Developments/Updates
7.3 Pharmaffiliates
7.3.1 Pharmaffiliates Danshensu Corporation Information
7.3.2 Pharmaffiliates Danshensu Product Portfolio
7.3.3 Pharmaffiliates Danshensu Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.3.4 Pharmaffiliates Main Business and Markets Served
7.3.5 Pharmaffiliates Recent Developments/Updates
7.4 ChemScence
7.4.1 ChemScence Danshensu Corporation Information
7.4.2 ChemScence Danshensu Product Portfolio
7.4.3 ChemScence Danshensu Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.4.4 ChemScence Main Business and Markets Served
7.4.5 ChemScence Recent Developments/Updates
7.5 AdooQ BioScience
7.5.1 AdooQ BioScience Danshensu Corporation Information
7.5.2 AdooQ BioScience Danshensu Product Portfolio
7.5.3 AdooQ BioScience Danshensu Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.5.4 AdooQ BioScience Main Business and Markets Served
7.5.5 AdooQ BioScience Recent Developments/Updates
7.6 ApexBio Technology
7.6.1 ApexBio Technology Danshensu Corporation Information
7.6.2 ApexBio Technology Danshensu Product Portfolio
7.6.3 ApexBio Technology Danshensu Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.6.4 ApexBio Technology Main Business and Markets Served
7.6.5 ApexBio Technology Recent Developments/Updates
7.7 Merck
7.7.1 Merck Danshensu Corporation Information
7.7.2 Merck Danshensu Product Portfolio
7.7.3 Merck Danshensu Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.7.4 Merck Main Business and Markets Served
7.7.5 Merck Recent Developments/Updates
7.8 Abcam
7.8.1 Abcam Danshensu Corporation Information
7.8.2 Abcam Danshensu Product Portfolio
7.8.3 Abcam Danshensu Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.8.4 Abcam Main Business and Markets Served
7.7.5 Abcam Recent Developments/Updates
7.9 Cayman Chemical
7.9.1 Cayman Chemical Danshensu Corporation Information
7.9.2 Cayman Chemical Danshensu Product Portfolio
7.9.3 Cayman Chemical Danshensu Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.9.4 Cayman Chemical Main Business and Markets Served
7.9.5 Cayman Chemical Recent Developments/Updates

8 Danshensu Manufacturing Cost Analysis
8.1 Danshensu Key Raw Materials Analysis
8.1.1 Key Raw Materials
8.1.2 Key Raw Materials Price Trend
8.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
8.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
8.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Danshensu
8.4 Danshensu Industrial Chain Analysis

9 Marketing Channel, Distributors and Customers
9.1 Marketing Channel
9.2 Danshensu Distributors List
9.3 Danshensu Customers

10 Market Dynamics
10.1 Danshensu Industry Trends
10.2 Danshensu Growth Drivers
10.3 Danshensu Market Challenges
10.4 Danshensu Market Restraints

11 Production and Supply Forecast
11.1 Global Forecasted Production of Danshensu by Region (2022-2027)
11.2 North America Danshensu Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
11.3 Europe Danshensu Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
11.4 China Danshensu Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
11.5 Japan Danshensu Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
11.6 India Danshensu Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)

12 Consumption and Demand Forecast
12.1 Global Forecasted Demand Analysis of Danshensu
12.2 North America Forecasted Consumption of Danshensu by Country
12.3 Europe Market Forecasted Consumption of Danshensu by Country
12.4 Asia Pacific Market Forecasted Consumption of Danshensu by Region
12.5 Latin America Forecasted Consumption of Danshensu by Country
13 Forecast by Type and by Application (2022-2027)
13.1 Global Production, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
13.1.1 Global Forecasted Production of Danshensu by Type (2022-2027)
13.1.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Danshensu by Type (2022-2027)
13.1.3 Global Forecasted Price of Danshensu by Type (2022-2027)
13.2 Global Forecasted Consumption of Danshensu by Application (2022-2027)
14 Research Finding and Conclusion

15 Methodology and Data Source
15.1 Methodology/Research Approach
15.1.1 Research Programs/Design
15.1.2 Market Size Estimation
15.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
15.2 Data Source
15.2.1 Secondary Sources
15.2.2 Primary Sources
15.3 Author List
15.4 Disclaimer

List of Tables

List of Tables
Table 1. Global Danshensu Market Size by Type (Kg) & (US$ Million) (2021 VS 2027)
Table 2. Global Danshensu Consumption (Kg) Comparison by Application: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
Table 3. Danshensu Market Size Comparison by Region: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
Table 4. Global Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg) by Manufacturers
Table 5. Global Danshensu Production (Kg) by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 6. Global Danshensu Production Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 7. Global Danshensu Revenue (US$ Million) by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 8. Global Danshensu Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 9. Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Danshensu as of 2020)
Table 10. Global Market Danshensu Average Price (K USD/Kg) of Key Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 11. Manufacturers Danshensu Production Sites and Area Served
Table 12. Manufacturers Danshensu Product Types
Table 13. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
Table 14. Global Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg) by Region (2016-2021)
Table 15. Global Danshensu Production (Kg) by Region (2016-2021)
Table 16. Global Danshensu Revenue (US$ Million) by Region (2016-2021)
Table 17. Global Danshensu Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 18. Global Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 19. North America Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 20. Europe Danshensu Production (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 21. China Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 22. Japan Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 23. India Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 24. Global Danshensu Consumption Market by Region (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Table 25. Global Danshensu Consumption Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 26. North America Danshensu Consumption by Country (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Table 27. Europe Danshensu Consumption by Country (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Table 28. Asia Pacific Danshensu Consumption by Region (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Table 29. Latin America Danshensu Consumption by Countries (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Table 30. Global Danshensu Production (Kg) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 31. Global Danshensu Production Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 32. Global Danshensu Revenue (US$ Million) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 33. Global Danshensu Revenue Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 34. Global Danshensu Price (K USD/Kg) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 35. Global Danshensu Consumption by Application (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Table 36. Global Danshensu Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 37. Global Danshensu Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021)
Table 38. BOC Sciences Danshensu Corporation Information
Table 39. BOC Sciences Specification and Application
Table 40. BOC Sciences Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 41. BOC Sciences Main Business and Markets Served
Table 42. BOC Sciences Recent Developments/Updates
Table 43. BLDpharm Danshensu Corporation Information
Table 44. BLDpharm Specification and Application
Table 45. BLDpharm Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 46. BLDpharm Main Business and Markets Served
Table 47. BLDpharm Recent Developments/Updates
Table 48. Pharmaffiliates Danshensu Corporation Information
Table 49. Pharmaffiliates Specification and Application
Table 50. Pharmaffiliates Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 51. Pharmaffiliates Main Business and Markets Served
Table 52. Pharmaffiliates Recent Developments/Updates
Table 53. ChemScence Danshensu Corporation Information
Table 54. ChemScence Specification and Application
Table 55. ChemScence Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 56. ChemScence Main Business and Markets Served
Table 57. ChemScence Recent Developments/Updates
Table 58. AdooQ BioScience Danshensu Corporation Information
Table 59. AdooQ BioScience Specification and Application
Table 60. AdooQ BioScience Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 61. AdooQ BioScience Main Business and Markets Served
Table 62. AdooQ BioScience Recent Developments/Updates
Table 63. ApexBio Technology Danshensu Corporation Information
Table 64. ApexBio Technology Specification and Application
Table 65. ApexBio Technology Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 66. ApexBio Technology Main Business and Markets Served
Table 67. ApexBio Technology Recent Developments/Updates
Table 68. Merck Danshensu Corporation Information
Table 69. Merck Specification and Application
Table 70. Merck Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 71. Merck Main Business and Markets Served
Table 72. Merck Recent Developments/Updates
Table 73. Abcam Danshensu Corporation Information
Table 74. Abcam Specification and Application
Table 75. Abcam Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 76. Abcam Main Business and Markets Served
Table 77. Abcam Recent Developments/Updates
Table 78. Cayman Chemical Danshensu Corporation Information
Table 79. Cayman Chemical Specification and Application
Table 80. Cayman Chemical Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 81. Cayman Chemical Main Business and Markets Served
Table 82. Cayman Chemical Recent Developments/Updates
Table 83. Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Table 84. Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Table 85. Danshensu Distributors List
Table 86. Danshensu Customers List
Table 87. Danshensu Market Trends
Table 88. Danshensu Growth Drivers
Table 89. Danshensu Market Challenges
Table 90. Danshensu Market Restraints
Table 91. Global Danshensu Production (Kg) Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 92. North America Danshensu Consumption Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (Kg)
Table 93. Europe Danshensu Consumption Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (Kg)
Table 94. Asia Pacific Danshensu Consumption Forecast by Region (2022-2027) & (Kg)
Table 95. Latin America Danshensu Consumption Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (Kg)
Table 96. Global Danshensu Production Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (Kg)
Table 97. Global Danshensu Revenue Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 98. Global Danshensu Price Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (K USD/Kg)
Table 99. Global Danshensu Consumption (Kg) Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table 100. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 101. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 102. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Danshensu
Figure 2. Global Danshensu Market Share by Type: 2020 VS 2027
Figure 3. Less Than 98% Product Picture
Figure 4. More Than 98% Product Picture
Figure 5. Global Danshensu Market Share by Application: 2020 VS 2027
Figure 6. Diastolic Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle
Figure 7. Myocardial Infarction
Figure 8. Global Danshensu Revenue (US$ Million), 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
Figure 9. Global Danshensu Revenue (US$ Million) (2016-2027)
Figure 10. Global Danshensu Production Capacity (Kg) & (2016-2027)
Figure 11. Global Danshensu Production (Kg) & (2016-2027)
Figure 12. North America Danshensu Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 13. Europe Danshensu Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 14. China Danshensu Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 15. Japan Danshensu Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 16. India Danshensu Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 17. Danshensu Production Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 18. Global Danshensu Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 19. Danshensu Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2016 VS 2020
Figure 20. Global Market Danshensu Average Price (K USD/Kg) of Key Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 21. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Danshensu Revenue in 2020
Figure 22. Global Danshensu Production Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 23. North America Danshensu Production (Kg) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 24. Europe Danshensu Production (Kg) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 25. China Danshensu Production (Kg) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 26. Japan Danshensu Production (Kg) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 27. India Danshensu Production (Kg) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 28. Global Danshensu Consumption Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 29. Global Danshensu Consumption Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 30. North America Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 31. North America Danshensu Consumption Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 32. Canada Danshensu Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 33. U.S. Danshensu Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 34. Europe Danshensu Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 35. Europe Danshensu Consumption Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 36. Germany America Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 37. France Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 38. U.K. Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 39. Italy Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 40. Russia Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 41. Asia Pacific Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 42. Asia Pacific Danshensu Consumption Market Share by Regions in 2020
Figure 43. China Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 44. Japan Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 45. South Korea Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 46. Taiwan Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 47. Southeast Asia Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 48. India Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 49. Australia Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 50. Latin America Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 51. Latin America Danshensu Consumption Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 52. Mexico Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 53. Brazil Danshensu Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 54. Production Market Share of Danshensu by Type (2016-2021)
Figure 55. Production Market Share of Danshensu by Type in 2020
Figure 56. Revenue Share of Danshensu by Type (2016-2021)
Figure 57. Revenue Market Share of Danshensu by Type in 2020
Figure 58. Global Danshensu Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 59. Global Danshensu Consumption Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 60. Global Danshensu Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 61. Key Raw Materials Price Trend
Figure 62. Manufacturing Cost Structure of Danshensu
Figure 63. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Danshensu
Figure 64. Danshensu Industrial Chain Analysis
Figure 65. Channels of Distribution
Figure 66. Distributors Profiles
Figure 67. Global Danshensu Production Market Share Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Figure 68. North America Danshensu Production (Kg) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 69. Europe Danshensu Production (Kg) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 70. China Danshensu Production (Kg) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 71. Japan Danshensu Production (Kg) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 72. India Danshensu Production (Kg) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 73. Global Forecasted Demand Analysis of Danshensu (2015-2027) & (Kg)
Figure 74. Global Danshensu Production Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Figure 75. Global Danshensu Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Figure 76. Global Danshensu Consumption Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Figure 77. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 78. Data Triangulation