The Market Reports

Index

1 Escin Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Escin
1.2 Escin Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Escin Market Size Growth Rate Analysis by Type 2021 VS 2027
1.2.2 More than 98%
1.2.3 Less Than 98%
1.3 Escin Segment by Application
1.3.1 Global Escin Consumption Comparison by Application: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
1.3.2 Vasoprotective Anti-Inflammatory Agent
1.3.3 Anti-Edematous Agent
1.3.4 Anti-Nociceptive Agent
1.4 Global Market Growth Prospects
1.4.1 Global Escin Revenue Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.4.2 Global Escin Production Capacity Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.4.3 Global Escin Production Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5 Global Escin Market by Region
1.5.1 Global Escin Market Size Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
1.5.2 North America Escin Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5.3 Europe Escin Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5.5 China Escin Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5.5 Japan Escin Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)
1.5.6 India Escin Estimates and Forecasts (2016-2027)

2 Market Competition by Manufacturers
2.1 Global Escin Production Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.2 Global Escin Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.3 Escin Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)
2.4 Global Escin Average Price by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.5 Manufacturers Escin Production Sites, Area Served, Product Types
2.6 Escin Market Competitive Situation and Trends
2.6.1 Escin Market Concentration Rate
2.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Escin Players Market Share by Revenue
2.6.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 Production and Capacity by Region
3.1 Global Production Capacity of Escin Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
3.2 Global Escin Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
3.3 Global Escin Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.4 North America Escin Production
3.4.1 North America Escin Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.4.2 North America Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.5 Europe Escin Production
3.5.1 Europe Escin Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.5.2 Europe Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.6 China Escin Production
3.6.1 China Escin Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.6.2 China Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.7 Japan Escin Production
3.7.1 Japan Escin Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.7.2 Japan Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.8 India Escin Production
3.8.1 India Escin Production Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.8.2 India Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)

4 Global Escin Consumption by Region
4.1 Global Escin Consumption by Region
4.1.1 Global Escin Consumption by Region
4.1.2 Global Escin Consumption Market Share by Region
4.2 North America
4.2.1 North America Escin Consumption by Country
4.2.2 U.S.
4.2.3 Canada
4.3 Europe
4.3.1 Europe Escin Consumption by Country
4.3.2 Germany
4.3.3 France
4.3.4 U.K.
4.3.5 Italy
4.3.6 Russia
4.4 Asia Pacific
4.4.1 Asia Pacific Escin Consumption by Region
4.4.2 China
4.4.3 Japan
4.4.4 South Korea
4.4.5 Taiwan
4.4.6 Southeast Asia
4.4.7 India
4.4.8 Australia
4.5 Latin America
4.5.1 Latin America Escin Consumption by Country
4.5.2 Mexico
4.5.3 Brazil

5 Production, Revenue, Price Trend by Type
5.1 Global Escin Production Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
5.2 Global Escin Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
5.3 Global Escin Price by Type (2016-2021)

6 Consumption Analysis by Application
6.1 Global Escin Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
6.2 Global Escin Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021)

7 Key Companies Profiled
7.1 BOC Sciences
7.1.1 BOC Sciences Escin Corporation Information
7.1.2 BOC Sciences Escin Product Portfolio
7.1.3 BOC Sciences Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.1.4 BOC Sciences Main Business and Markets Served
7.1.5 BOC Sciences Recent Developments/Updates
7.2 Merck
7.2.1 Merck Escin Corporation Information
7.2.2 Merck Escin Product Portfolio
7.2.3 Merck Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.2.4 Merck Main Business and Markets Served
7.2.5 Merck Recent Developments/Updates
7.3 EXTRASYNTHESE
7.3.1 EXTRASYNTHESE Escin Corporation Information
7.3.2 EXTRASYNTHESE Escin Product Portfolio
7.3.3 EXTRASYNTHESE Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.3.4 EXTRASYNTHESE Main Business and Markets Served
7.3.5 EXTRASYNTHESE Recent Developments/Updates
7.4 ApexBio Technology
7.4.1 ApexBio Technology Escin Corporation Information
7.4.2 ApexBio Technology Escin Product Portfolio
7.4.3 ApexBio Technology Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.4.4 ApexBio Technology Main Business and Markets Served
7.4.5 ApexBio Technology Recent Developments/Updates
7.5 Chengdu Must Bio-Technology
7.5.1 Chengdu Must Bio-Technology Escin Corporation Information
7.5.2 Chengdu Must Bio-Technology Escin Product Portfolio
7.5.3 Chengdu Must Bio-Technology Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.5.4 Chengdu Must Bio-Technology Main Business and Markets Served
7.5.5 Chengdu Must Bio-Technology Recent Developments/Updates
7.6 BioCrick BioTech
7.6.1 BioCrick BioTech Escin Corporation Information
7.6.2 BioCrick BioTech Escin Product Portfolio
7.6.3 BioCrick BioTech Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.6.4 BioCrick BioTech Main Business and Markets Served
7.6.5 BioCrick BioTech Recent Developments/Updates
7.7 AdooQ BioScience
7.7.1 AdooQ BioScience Escin Corporation Information
7.7.2 AdooQ BioScience Escin Product Portfolio
7.7.3 AdooQ BioScience Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.7.4 AdooQ BioScience Main Business and Markets Served
7.7.5 AdooQ BioScience Recent Developments/Updates
7.8 ChemScence
7.8.1 ChemScence Escin Corporation Information
7.8.2 ChemScence Escin Product Portfolio
7.8.3 ChemScence Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.8.4 ChemScence Main Business and Markets Served
7.7.5 ChemScence Recent Developments/Updates
7.9 Pharmaffiliates
7.9.1 Pharmaffiliates Escin Corporation Information
7.9.2 Pharmaffiliates Escin Product Portfolio
7.9.3 Pharmaffiliates Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.9.4 Pharmaffiliates Main Business and Markets Served
7.9.5 Pharmaffiliates Recent Developments/Updates
7.10 Galen-N
7.10.1 Galen-N Escin Corporation Information
7.10.2 Galen-N Escin Product Portfolio
7.10.3 Galen-N Escin Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
7.10.4 Galen-N Main Business and Markets Served
7.10.5 Galen-N Recent Developments/Updates

8 Escin Manufacturing Cost Analysis
8.1 Escin Key Raw Materials Analysis
8.1.1 Key Raw Materials
8.1.2 Key Raw Materials Price Trend
8.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
8.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
8.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Escin
8.4 Escin Industrial Chain Analysis

9 Marketing Channel, Distributors and Customers
9.1 Marketing Channel
9.2 Escin Distributors List
9.3 Escin Customers

10 Market Dynamics
10.1 Escin Industry Trends
10.2 Escin Growth Drivers
10.3 Escin Market Challenges
10.4 Escin Market Restraints

11 Production and Supply Forecast
11.1 Global Forecasted Production of Escin by Region (2022-2027)
11.2 North America Escin Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
11.3 Europe Escin Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
11.4 China Escin Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
11.5 Japan Escin Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
11.6 India Escin Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)

12 Consumption and Demand Forecast
12.1 Global Forecasted Demand Analysis of Escin
12.2 North America Forecasted Consumption of Escin by Country
12.3 Europe Market Forecasted Consumption of Escin by Country
12.4 Asia Pacific Market Forecasted Consumption of Escin by Region
12.5 Latin America Forecasted Consumption of Escin by Country
13 Forecast by Type and by Application (2022-2027)
13.1 Global Production, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
13.1.1 Global Forecasted Production of Escin by Type (2022-2027)
13.1.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Escin by Type (2022-2027)
13.1.3 Global Forecasted Price of Escin by Type (2022-2027)
13.2 Global Forecasted Consumption of Escin by Application (2022-2027)
14 Research Finding and Conclusion

15 Methodology and Data Source
15.1 Methodology/Research Approach
15.1.1 Research Programs/Design
15.1.2 Market Size Estimation
15.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
15.2 Data Source
15.2.1 Secondary Sources
15.2.2 Primary Sources
15.3 Author List
15.4 Disclaimer

List of Tables

List of Tables
Table 1. Global Escin Market Size by Type (Kg) & (US$ Million) (2021 VS 2027)
Table 2. Global Escin Consumption (Kg) Comparison by Application: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
Table 3. Escin Market Size Comparison by Region: 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
Table 4. Global Escin Production Capacity (Kg) by Manufacturers
Table 5. Global Escin Production (Kg) by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 6. Global Escin Production Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 7. Global Escin Revenue (US$ Million) by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 8. Global Escin Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 9. Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Escin as of 2020)
Table 10. Global Market Escin Average Price (K USD/Kg) of Key Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 11. Manufacturers Escin Production Sites and Area Served
Table 12. Manufacturers Escin Product Types
Table 13. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
Table 14. Global Escin Production Capacity (Kg) by Region (2016-2021)
Table 15. Global Escin Production (Kg) by Region (2016-2021)
Table 16. Global Escin Revenue (US$ Million) by Region (2016-2021)
Table 17. Global Escin Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 18. Global Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 19. North America Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 20. Europe Escin Production (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 21. China Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 22. Japan Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 23. India Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 24. Global Escin Consumption Market by Region (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Table 25. Global Escin Consumption Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 26. North America Escin Consumption by Country (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Table 27. Europe Escin Consumption by Country (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Table 28. Asia Pacific Escin Consumption by Region (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Table 29. Latin America Escin Consumption by Countries (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Table 30. Global Escin Production (Kg) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 31. Global Escin Production Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 32. Global Escin Revenue (US$ Million) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 33. Global Escin Revenue Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 34. Global Escin Price (K USD/Kg) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 35. Global Escin Consumption by Application (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Table 36. Global Escin Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 37. Global Escin Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021)
Table 38. BOC Sciences Escin Corporation Information
Table 39. BOC Sciences Specification and Application
Table 40. BOC Sciences Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 41. BOC Sciences Main Business and Markets Served
Table 42. BOC Sciences Recent Developments/Updates
Table 43. Merck Escin Corporation Information
Table 44. Merck Specification and Application
Table 45. Merck Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 46. Merck Main Business and Markets Served
Table 47. Merck Recent Developments/Updates
Table 48. EXTRASYNTHESE Escin Corporation Information
Table 49. EXTRASYNTHESE Specification and Application
Table 50. EXTRASYNTHESE Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 51. EXTRASYNTHESE Main Business and Markets Served
Table 52. EXTRASYNTHESE Recent Developments/Updates
Table 53. ApexBio Technology Escin Corporation Information
Table 54. ApexBio Technology Specification and Application
Table 55. ApexBio Technology Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 56. ApexBio Technology Main Business and Markets Served
Table 57. ApexBio Technology Recent Developments/Updates
Table 58. Chengdu Must Bio-Technology Escin Corporation Information
Table 59. Chengdu Must Bio-Technology Specification and Application
Table 60. Chengdu Must Bio-Technology Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 61. Chengdu Must Bio-Technology Main Business and Markets Served
Table 62. Chengdu Must Bio-Technology Recent Developments/Updates
Table 63. BioCrick BioTech Escin Corporation Information
Table 64. BioCrick BioTech Specification and Application
Table 65. BioCrick BioTech Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 66. BioCrick BioTech Main Business and Markets Served
Table 67. BioCrick BioTech Recent Developments/Updates
Table 68. AdooQ BioScience Escin Corporation Information
Table 69. AdooQ BioScience Specification and Application
Table 70. AdooQ BioScience Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 71. AdooQ BioScience Main Business and Markets Served
Table 72. AdooQ BioScience Recent Developments/Updates
Table 73. ChemScence Escin Corporation Information
Table 74. ChemScence Specification and Application
Table 75. ChemScence Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 76. ChemScence Main Business and Markets Served
Table 77. ChemScence Recent Developments/Updates
Table 78. Pharmaffiliates Escin Corporation Information
Table 79. Pharmaffiliates Specification and Application
Table 80. Pharmaffiliates Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 81. Pharmaffiliates Main Business and Markets Served
Table 82. Pharmaffiliates Recent Developments/Updates
Table 83. Galen-N Escin Corporation Information
Table 84. Galen-N Specification and Application
Table 85. Galen-N Escin Production Capacity (Kg), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (K USD/Kg) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 86. Galen-N Main Business and Markets Served
Table 87. Galen-N Recent Developments/Updates
Table 88. Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Table 89. Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Table 90. Escin Distributors List
Table 91. Escin Customers List
Table 92. Escin Market Trends
Table 93. Escin Growth Drivers
Table 94. Escin Market Challenges
Table 95. Escin Market Restraints
Table 96. Global Escin Production (Kg) Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 97. North America Escin Consumption Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (Kg)
Table 98. Europe Escin Consumption Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (Kg)
Table 99. Asia Pacific Escin Consumption Forecast by Region (2022-2027) & (Kg)
Table 100. Latin America Escin Consumption Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (Kg)
Table 101. Global Escin Production Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (Kg)
Table 102. Global Escin Revenue Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 103. Global Escin Price Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (K USD/Kg)
Table 104. Global Escin Consumption (Kg) Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table 105. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 106. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 107. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Escin
Figure 2. Global Escin Market Share by Type: 2020 VS 2027
Figure 3. More than 98% Product Picture
Figure 4. Less Than 98% Product Picture
Figure 5. Global Escin Market Share by Application: 2020 VS 2027
Figure 6. Vasoprotective Anti-Inflammatory Agent
Figure 7. Anti-Edematous Agent
Figure 8. Anti-Nociceptive Agent
Figure 9. Global Escin Revenue (US$ Million), 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
Figure 10. Global Escin Revenue (US$ Million) (2016-2027)
Figure 11. Global Escin Production Capacity (Kg) & (2016-2027)
Figure 12. Global Escin Production (Kg) & (2016-2027)
Figure 13. North America Escin Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 14. Europe Escin Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 15. China Escin Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 16. Japan Escin Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 17. India Escin Revenue (US$ Million) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 18. Escin Production Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 19. Global Escin Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 20. Escin Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2016 VS 2020
Figure 21. Global Market Escin Average Price (K USD/Kg) of Key Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 22. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Escin Revenue in 2020
Figure 23. Global Escin Production Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 24. North America Escin Production (Kg) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 25. Europe Escin Production (Kg) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 26. China Escin Production (Kg) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 27. Japan Escin Production (Kg) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 28. India Escin Production (Kg) Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 29. Global Escin Consumption Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 30. Global Escin Consumption Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 31. North America Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 32. North America Escin Consumption Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 33. Canada Escin Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 34. U.S. Escin Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 35. Europe Escin Consumption Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 36. Europe Escin Consumption Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 37. Germany America Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 38. France Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 39. U.K. Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 40. Italy Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 41. Russia Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 42. Asia Pacific Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 43. Asia Pacific Escin Consumption Market Share by Regions in 2020
Figure 44. China Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 45. Japan Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 46. South Korea Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 47. Taiwan Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 48. Southeast Asia Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 49. India Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 50. Australia Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 51. Latin America Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 52. Latin America Escin Consumption Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 53. Mexico Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 54. Brazil Escin Consumption and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (Kg)
Figure 55. Production Market Share of Escin by Type (2016-2021)
Figure 56. Production Market Share of Escin by Type in 2020
Figure 57. Revenue Share of Escin by Type (2016-2021)
Figure 58. Revenue Market Share of Escin by Type in 2020
Figure 59. Global Escin Consumption Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 60. Global Escin Consumption Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 61. Global Escin Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 62. Key Raw Materials Price Trend
Figure 63. Manufacturing Cost Structure of Escin
Figure 64. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Escin
Figure 65. Escin Industrial Chain Analysis
Figure 66. Channels of Distribution
Figure 67. Distributors Profiles
Figure 68. Global Escin Production Market Share Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Figure 69. North America Escin Production (Kg) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 70. Europe Escin Production (Kg) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 71. China Escin Production (Kg) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 72. Japan Escin Production (Kg) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 73. India Escin Production (Kg) Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 74. Global Forecasted Demand Analysis of Escin (2015-2027) & (Kg)
Figure 75. Global Escin Production Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Figure 76. Global Escin Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Figure 77. Global Escin Consumption Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Figure 78. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 79. Data Triangulation