Index
1 Market Overview
1.1 Hot Water Mat Introduction
1.2 Market Analysis by Type
1.2.1 Overview: Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Type: 2017 Versus 2021 Versus 2028
1.2.2 Floor Type
1.2.3 Bedding Type
1.2.4 Other
1.3 Market Analysis by Application
1.3.1 Overview: Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Application: 2017 Versus 2021 Versus 2028
1.3.2 Residential
1.3.3 Light Commercial
1.4 Global Hot Water Mat Market Size & Forecast
1.4.1 Global Hot Water Mat Sales in Value (2017 & 2021 & 2028)
1.4.2 Global Hot Water Mat Sales in Volume (2017-2028)
1.4.3 Global Hot Water Mat Price (2017-2028)
1.5 Global Hot Water Mat Production Capacity Analysis
1.5.1 Global Hot Water Mat Total Production Capacity (2017-2028)
1.5.2 Global Hot Water Mat Production Capacity by Geographic Region
1.6 Market Drivers, Restraints and Trends
1.6.1 Hot Water Mat Market Drivers
1.6.2 Hot Water Mat Market Restraints
1.6.3 Hot Water Mat Trends Analysis
2 Manufacturers Profiles
2.1 KD Navien
2.1.1 KD Navien Details
2.1.2 KD Navien Major Business
2.1.3 KD Navien Hot Water Mat Product and Services
2.1.4 KD Navien Hot Water Mat Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.2 GAPS ONSU
2.2.1 GAPS ONSU Details
2.2.2 GAPS ONSU Major Business
2.2.3 GAPS ONSU Hot Water Mat Product and Services
2.2.4 GAPS ONSU Hot Water Mat Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.3 Parkion
2.3.1 Parkion Details
2.3.2 Parkion Major Business
2.3.3 Parkion Hot Water Mat Product and Services
2.3.4 Parkion Hot Water Mat Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.4 Mutt Mats Company
2.4.1 Mutt Mats Company Details
2.4.2 Mutt Mats Company Major Business
2.4.3 Mutt Mats Company Hot Water Mat Product and Services
2.4.4 Mutt Mats Company Hot Water Mat Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.5 SUMISHO METALEX CORPORATION
2.5.1 SUMISHO METALEX CORPORATION Details
2.5.2 SUMISHO METALEX CORPORATION Major Business
2.5.3 SUMISHO METALEX CORPORATION Hot Water Mat Product and Services
2.5.4 SUMISHO METALEX CORPORATION Hot Water Mat Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.6 Dong Yang EasyTech
2.6.1 Dong Yang EasyTech Details
2.6.2 Dong Yang EasyTech Major Business
2.6.3 Dong Yang EasyTech Hot Water Mat Product and Services
2.6.4 Dong Yang EasyTech Hot Water Mat Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
3 Hot Water Mat Breakdown Data by Manufacturer
3.1 Global Hot Water Mat Sales in Volume by Manufacturer (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
3.2 Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Manufacturer (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
3.3 Key Manufacturer Market Position in Hot Water Mat
3.4 Market Concentration Rate
3.4.1 Top 3 Hot Water Mat Manufacturer Market Share in 2021
3.4.2 Top 6 Hot Water Mat Manufacturer Market Share in 2021
3.5 Global Hot Water Mat Production Capacity by Company: 2021 VS 2022
3.6 Manufacturer by Geography: Head Office and Hot Water Mat Production Site
3.7 New Entrant and Capacity Expansion Plans
3.8 Mergers & Acquisitions
4 Market Analysis by Region
4.1 Global Hot Water Mat Market Size by Region
4.1.1 Global Hot Water Mat Sales in Volume by Region (2017-2028)
4.1.2 Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Region (2017-2028)
4.2 North America Hot Water Mat Revenue (2017-2028)
4.3 Europe Hot Water Mat Revenue (2017-2028)
4.4 Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Revenue (2017-2028)
4.5 South America Hot Water Mat Revenue (2017-2028)
4.6 Middle East and Africa Hot Water Mat Revenue (2017-2028)
5 Market Segment by Type
5.1 Global Hot Water Mat Sales in Volume by Type (2017-2028)
5.2 Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Type (2017-2028)
5.3 Global Hot Water Mat Price by Type (2017-2028)
6 Market Segment by Application
6.1 Global Hot Water Mat Sales in Volume by Application (2017-2028)
6.2 Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Application (2017-2028)
6.3 Global Hot Water Mat Price by Application (2017-2028)
7 North America by Country, by Type, and by Application
7.1 North America Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2017-2028)
7.2 North America Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2017-2028)
7.3 North America Hot Water Mat Market Size by Country
7.3.1 North America Hot Water Mat Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
7.3.2 North America Hot Water Mat Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
7.3.3 United States Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
7.3.4 Canada Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
7.3.5 Mexico Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8 Europe by Country, by Type, and by Application
8.1 Europe Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2017-2028)
8.2 Europe Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2017-2028)
8.3 Europe Hot Water Mat Market Size by Country
8.3.1 Europe Hot Water Mat Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
8.3.2 Europe Hot Water Mat Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
8.3.3 Germany Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.4 France Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.5 United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.6 Russia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.7 Italy Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9 Asia-Pacific by Region, by Type, and by Application
9.1 Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2017-2028)
9.2 Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2017-2028)
9.3 Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Market Size by Region
9.3.1 Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Sales in Volume by Region (2017-2028)
9.3.2 Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Revenue by Region (2017-2028)
9.3.3 China Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.4 Japan Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.5 Korea Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.6 India Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.7 Southeast Asia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.8 Australia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
10 South America by Region, by Type, and by Application
10.1 South America Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2017-2028)
10.2 South America Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2017-2028)
10.3 South America Hot Water Mat Market Size by Country
10.3.1 South America Hot Water Mat Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
10.3.2 South America Hot Water Mat Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
10.3.3 Brazil Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
10.3.4 Argentina Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11 Middle East & Africa by Country, by Type, and by Application
11.1 Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2017-2028)
11.2 Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2017-2028)
11.3 Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Market Size by Country
11.3.1 Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
11.3.2 Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
11.3.3 Turkey Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11.3.4 Egypt Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11.3.5 Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11.3.6 South Africa Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
12 Raw Material and Industry Chain
12.1 Raw Material of Hot Water Mat and Key Manufacturers
12.2 Manufacturing Costs Percentage of Hot Water Mat
12.3 Hot Water Mat Production Process
12.4 Hot Water Mat Industrial Chain
13 Sales Channel, Distributors, Traders and Dealers
13.1 Sales Channel
13.1.1 Direct Marketing
13.1.2 Indirect Marketing
13.2 Hot Water Mat Typical Distributors
13.3 Hot Water Mat Typical Customers
14 Research Findings and Conclusion
15 Appendix
15.1 Methodology
15.2 Research Process and Data Source
15.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
List of Tables
Table 1. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Type, (USD Million), 2017 & 2021 & 2028
Table 2. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Application, (USD Million), 2017 & 2021 & 2028
Table 3. KD Navien Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 4. KD Navien Major Business
Table 5. KD Navien Hot Water Mat Product and Services
Table 6. KD Navien Hot Water Mat Sales (Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 7. GAPS ONSU Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 8. GAPS ONSU Major Business
Table 9. GAPS ONSU Hot Water Mat Product and Services
Table 10. GAPS ONSU Hot Water Mat Sales (Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 11. Parkion Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 12. Parkion Major Business
Table 13. Parkion Hot Water Mat Product and Services
Table 14. Parkion Hot Water Mat Sales (Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 15. Mutt Mats Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 16. Mutt Mats Company Major Business
Table 17. Mutt Mats Company Hot Water Mat Product and Services
Table 18. Mutt Mats Company Hot Water Mat Sales (Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 19. SUMISHO METALEX CORPORATION Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 20. SUMISHO METALEX CORPORATION Major Business
Table 21. SUMISHO METALEX CORPORATION Hot Water Mat Product and Services
Table 22. SUMISHO METALEX CORPORATION Hot Water Mat Sales (Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 23. Dong Yang EasyTech Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 24. Dong Yang EasyTech Major Business
Table 25. Dong Yang EasyTech Hot Water Mat Product and Services
Table 26. Dong Yang EasyTech Hot Water Mat Sales (Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 27. Global Hot Water Mat Sales by Manufacturer (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022) & (Unit)
Table 28. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Manufacturer (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022) & (USD Million)
Table 29. Market Position of Manufacturers in Hot Water Mat, (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3), Based on Revenue in 2021
Table 30. Global Hot Water Mat Production Capacity by Company, (Unit): 2020 VS 2021
Table 31. Head Office and Hot Water Mat Production Site of Key Manufacturer
Table 32. Hot Water Mat New Entrant and Capacity Expansion Plans
Table 33. Hot Water Mat Mergers & Acquisitions in the Past Five Years
Table 34. Global Hot Water Mat Sales by Region (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 35. Global Hot Water Mat Sales by Region (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 36. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Region (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 37. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Region (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 38. Global Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 39. Global Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 40. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Type (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 41. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Type (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 42. Global Hot Water Mat Price by Type (2017-2022) & (USD/Unit)
Table 43. Global Hot Water Mat Price by Type (2023-2028) & (USD/Unit)
Table 44. Global Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 45. Global Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 46. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Application (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 47. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue by Application (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 48. Global Hot Water Mat Price by Application (2017-2022) & (USD/Unit)
Table 49. Global Hot Water Mat Price by Application (2023-2028) & (USD/Unit)
Table 50. North America Hot Water Mat Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 51. North America Hot Water Mat Sales by Country (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 52. North America Hot Water Mat Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 53. North America Hot Water Mat Revenue by Country (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 54. North America Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 55. North America Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 56. North America Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 57. North America Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 58. Europe Hot Water Mat Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 59. Europe Hot Water Mat Sales by Country (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 60. Europe Hot Water Mat Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 61. Europe Hot Water Mat Revenue by Country (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 62. Europe Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 63. Europe Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 64. Europe Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 65. Europe Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 66. Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Sales by Region (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 67. Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Sales by Region (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 68. Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Revenue by Region (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 69. Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Revenue by Region (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 70. Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 71. Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 72. Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 73. Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 74. South America Hot Water Mat Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 75. South America Hot Water Mat Sales by Country (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 76. South America Hot Water Mat Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 77. South America Hot Water Mat Revenue by Country (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 78. South America Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 79. South America Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 80. South America Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 81. South America Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 82. Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Sales by Region (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 83. Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Sales by Region (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 84. Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Revenue by Region (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 85. Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Revenue by Region (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 86. Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 87. Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 88. Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (Unit)
Table 89. Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (Unit)
Table 90. Hot Water Mat Raw Material
Table 91. Key Manufacturers of Hot Water Mat Raw Materials
Table 92. Direct Channel Pros & Cons
Table 93. Indirect Channel Pros & Cons
Table 94. Hot Water Mat Typical Distributors
Table 95. Hot Water Mat Typical Customers
List of Figures
Figure 1. Hot Water Mat Picture
Figure 2. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue Market Share by Type in 2021
Figure 3. Floor Type
Figure 4. Bedding Type
Figure 5. Other
Figure 6. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue Market Share by Application in 2021
Figure 7. Residential
Figure 8. Light Commercial
Figure 9. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue, (USD Million) & (Unit): 2017 & 2021 & 2028
Figure 10. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue and Forecast (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 11. Global Hot Water Mat Sales (2017-2028) & (Unit)
Figure 12. Global Hot Water Mat Price (2017-2028) & (USD/Unit)
Figure 13. Global Hot Water Mat Production Capacity (2017-2028) & (Unit)
Figure 14. Global Hot Water Mat Production Capacity by Geographic Region: 2022 VS 2028
Figure 15. Hot Water Mat Market Drivers
Figure 16. Hot Water Mat Market Restraints
Figure 17. Hot Water Mat Market Trends
Figure 18. Global Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Manufacturer in 2021
Figure 19. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue Market Share by Manufacturer in 2021
Figure 20. Hot Water Mat Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) in 2021
Figure 21. Top 3 Hot Water Mat Manufacturer (Revenue) Market Share in 2021
Figure 22. Top 6 Hot Water Mat Manufacturer (Revenue) Market Share in 2021
Figure 23. Global Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 24. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 25. North America Hot Water Mat Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 26. Europe Hot Water Mat Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 27. Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 28. South America Hot Water Mat Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 29. Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 30. Global Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 31. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 32. Global Hot Water Mat Price by Type (2017-2028) & (USD/Unit)
Figure 33. Global Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 34. Global Hot Water Mat Revenue Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 35. Global Hot Water Mat Price by Application (2017-2028) & (USD/Unit)
Figure 36. North America Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 37. North America Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 38. North America Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 39. North America Hot Water Mat Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 40. United States Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 41. Canada Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 42. Mexico Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 43. Europe Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 44. Europe Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 45. Europe Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 46. Europe Hot Water Mat Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 47. Germany Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 48. France Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 49. United Kingdom Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 50. Russia Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 51. Italy Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 52. Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 53. Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 54. Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 55. Asia-Pacific Hot Water Mat Revenue Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 56. China Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 57. Japan Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 58. Korea Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 59. India Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 60. Southeast Asia Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 61. Australia Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 62. South America Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 63. South America Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 64. South America Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 65. South America Hot Water Mat Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 66. Brazil Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 67. Argentina Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 68. Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 69. Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 70. Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 71. Middle East & Africa Hot Water Mat Revenue Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 72. Turkey Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 73. Egypt Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 74. Saudi Arabia Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 75. South Africa Hot Water Mat Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 76. Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Hot Water Mat in 2021
Figure 77. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Hot Water Mat
Figure 78. Hot Water Mat Industrial Chain
Figure 79. Sales Channel: Direct Channel vs Indirect Channel
Figure 80. Methodology
Figure 81. Research Process and Data Source