The Market Reports

Index

1 Instant Bird's Nest Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Instant Bird's Nest
1.2 Instant Bird's Nest Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Growth Rate Comparison by Type (2021-2027)
1.2.2 Sugar Free
1.2.3 With Rock Sugar
1.2.4 Others
1.3 Instant Bird's Nest Segment by Application
1.3.1 Instant Bird's Nest Sales Comparison by Application: (2021-2027)
1.3.2 Supermarket
1.3.3 Specialty Store
1.3.4 Health Products Stores and Pharmacies
1.3.5 Online Sales
1.4 Global Instant Bird's Nest Market Size Estimates and Forecasts
1.4.1 Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue 2016-2027
1.4.2 Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales 2016-2027
1.4.3 Instant Bird's Nest Market Size by Region: 2016 Versus 2021 Versus 2027

2 Instant Bird's Nest Market Competition by Manufacturers
2.1 Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.2 Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.3 Global Instant Bird's Nest Average Price by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.4 Manufacturers Instant Bird's Nest Manufacturing Sites, Area Served, Product Type
2.5 Instant Bird's Nest Market Competitive Situation and Trends
2.5.1 Instant Bird's Nest Market Concentration Rate
2.5.2 The Global Top 5 and Top 10 Largest Instant Bird's Nest Players Market Share by Revenue
2.5.3 Global Instant Bird's Nest Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)
2.6 Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans

3 Instant Bird's Nest Retrospective Market Scenario by Region
3.1 Global Instant Bird's Nest Retrospective Market Scenario in Revenue by Region: 2016-2021
3.2 Global Instant Bird's Nest Retrospective Market Scenario in Sales by Region: 2016-2021
3.3 North America Instant Bird's Nest Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.3.1 North America Instant Bird's Nest Sales by Country
3.3.2 North America Instant Bird's Nest Revenue by Country
3.3.3 U.S.
3.3.4 Canada
3.4 Europe Instant Bird's Nest Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.4.1 Europe Instant Bird's Nest Sales by Country
3.4.2 Europe Instant Bird's Nest Revenue by Country
3.4.3 Germany
3.4.4 France
3.4.5 U.K.
3.4.6 Italy
3.4.7 Russia
3.5 Asia Pacific Instant Bird's Nest Market Facts & Figures by Region
3.5.1 Asia Pacific Instant Bird's Nest Sales by Region
3.5.2 Asia Pacific Instant Bird's Nest Revenue by Region
3.5.3 China
3.5.4 Japan
3.5.5 South Korea
3.5.6 India
3.5.7 Australia
3.5.8 Taiwan
3.5.9 Indonesia
3.5.10 Thailand
3.5.11 Malaysia
3.5.12 Philippines
3.5.13 Vietnam
3.6 Latin America Instant Bird's Nest Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.6.1 Latin America Instant Bird's Nest Sales by Country
3.6.2 Latin America Instant Bird's Nest Revenue by Country
3.6.3 Mexico
3.6.4 Brazil
3.6.5 Argentina
3.7 Middle East and Africa Instant Bird's Nest Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.7.1 Middle East and Africa Instant Bird's Nest Sales by Country
3.7.2 Middle East and Africa Instant Bird's Nest Revenue by Country
3.7.3 Turkey
3.7.4 Saudi Arabia
3.7.5 U.A.E
4 Global Instant Bird's Nest Historic Market Analysis by Type
4.1 Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
4.2 Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
4.3 Global Instant Bird's Nest Price by Type (2016-2021)

5 Global Instant Bird's Nest Historic Market Analysis by Application
5.1 Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
5.2 Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
5.3 Global Instant Bird's Nest Price by Application (2016-2021)

6 Key Companies Profiled
6.1 Xiyuantang
6.1.1 Xiyuantang Corporation Information
6.1.2 Xiyuantang Description and Business Overview
6.1.3 Xiyuantang Instant Bird's Nest Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.1.4 Xiyuantang Product Portfolio
6.1.5 Xiyuantang Recent Developments/Updates
6.2 Fomecs
6.2.1 Fomecs Corporation Information
6.2.2 Fomecs Description and Business Overview
6.2.3 Fomecs Instant Bird's Nest Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.2.4 Fomecs Product Portfolio
6.2.5 Fomecs Recent Developments/Updates
6.3 Yan Palace
6.3.1 Yan Palace Corporation Information
6.3.2 Yan Palace Description and Business Overview
6.3.3 Yan Palace Instant Bird's Nest Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.3.4 Yan Palace Product Portfolio
6.3.5 Yan Palace Recent Developments/Updates
6.4 Happy Health（M）Sdn Bhd
6.4.1 Happy Health（M）Sdn Bhd Corporation Information
6.4.2 Happy Health（M）Sdn Bhd Description and Business Overview
6.4.3 Happy Health（M）Sdn Bhd Instant Bird's Nest Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.4.4 Happy Health（M）Sdn Bhd Product Portfolio
6.4.5 Happy Health（M）Sdn Bhd Recent Developments/Updates
6.5 BRAND'S Suntory (M) Sdn. Bhd.
6.5.1 BRAND'S Suntory (M) Sdn. Bhd. Corporation Information
6.5.2 BRAND'S Suntory (M) Sdn. Bhd. Description and Business Overview
6.5.3 BRAND'S Suntory (M) Sdn. Bhd. Instant Bird's Nest Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.5.4 BRAND'S Suntory (M) Sdn. Bhd. Product Portfolio
6.5.5 BRAND'S Suntory (M) Sdn. Bhd. Recent Developments/Updates
6.6 IBNI
6.6.1 IBNI Corporation Information
6.6.2 IBNI Description and Business Overview
6.6.3 IBNI Instant Bird's Nest Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.6.4 IBNI Product Portfolio
6.6.5 IBNI Recent Developments/Updates
6.7 Eu Yan Sang
6.6.1 Eu Yan Sang Corporation Information
6.6.2 Eu Yan Sang Description and Business Overview
6.6.3 Eu Yan Sang Instant Bird's Nest Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.4.4 Eu Yan Sang Product Portfolio
6.7.5 Eu Yan Sang Recent Developments/Updates
6.8 Dragon Brand
6.8.1 Dragon Brand Corporation Information
6.8.2 Dragon Brand Description and Business Overview
6.8.3 Dragon Brand Instant Bird's Nest Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.8.4 Dragon Brand Product Portfolio
6.8.5 Dragon Brand Recent Developments/Updates
6.9 ONLLY Nutrition
6.9.1 ONLLY Nutrition Corporation Information
6.9.2 ONLLY Nutrition Description and Business Overview
6.9.3 ONLLY Nutrition Instant Bird's Nest Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.9.4 ONLLY Nutrition Product Portfolio
6.9.5 ONLLY Nutrition Recent Developments/Updates

7 Instant Bird's Nest Manufacturing Cost Analysis
7.1 Instant Bird's Nest Key Raw Materials Analysis
7.1.1 Key Raw Materials
7.1.2 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
7.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
7.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Instant Bird's Nest
7.4 Instant Bird's Nest Industrial Chain Analysis

8 Marketing Channel, Distributors and Customers
8.1 Marketing Channel
8.2 Instant Bird's Nest Distributors List
8.3 Instant Bird's Nest Customers

9 Instant Bird's Nest Market Dynamics
9.1 Instant Bird's Nest Industry Trends
9.2 Instant Bird's Nest Growth Drivers
9.3 Instant Bird's Nest Market Challenges
9.4 Instant Bird's Nest Market Restraints

10 Global Market Forecast
10.1 Instant Bird's Nest Market Estimates and Projections by Type
10.1.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Instant Bird's Nest by Type (2022-2027)
10.1.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Instant Bird's Nest by Type (2022-2027)
10.2 Instant Bird's Nest Market Estimates and Projections by Application
10.2.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Instant Bird's Nest by Application (2022-2027)
10.2.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Instant Bird's Nest by Application (2022-2027)
10.3 Instant Bird's Nest Market Estimates and Projections by Region
10.3.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Instant Bird's Nest by Region (2022-2027)
10.3.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Instant Bird's Nest by Region (2022-2027)

11 Research Finding and Conclusion

12 Methodology and Data Source
12.1 Methodology/Research Approach
12.1.1 Research Programs/Design
12.1.2 Market Size Estimation
12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
12.2 Data Source
12.2.1 Secondary Sources
12.2.2 Primary Sources
12.3 Author List
12.4 Disclaimer

List of Tables

List of Tables
Table 1. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales (K Units) Growth Rate Comparison by Type (2021-2027)
Table 2. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales (K Units) Comparison by Application (2021-2027)
Table 3. Global Instant Bird's Nest Market Size by Region (US$ Million) (2016 VS 2021 VS 2027)
Table 4. Key Manufacturers Instant Bird's Nest Covered in This Study
Table 5. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales (K Units) of Key Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 6. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 7. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue (US$ Million) by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 8. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 9. Global Market Instant Bird's Nest Average Price (US$/Unit) of Key Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 10. Manufacturers Instant Bird's Nest Manufacturing Sites and Area Served
Table 11. Manufacturers Instant Bird's Nest Product Type
Table 12. Global Instant Bird's Nest Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 13. Global Instant Bird's Nest by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) (based on the Revenue in Instant Bird's Nest as of 2020)
Table 14. Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 15. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales by Region (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 16. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 17. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue by Region (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 18. North America Instant Bird's Nest Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 19. North America Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 20. North America Instant Bird's Nest Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 21. North America Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 22. Europe Instant Bird's Nest Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 23. Europe Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 24. Europe Instant Bird's Nest Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 25. Europe Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 26. Asia Pacific Instant Bird's Nest Sales by Region (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 27. Asia Pacific Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 28. Asia Pacific Instant Bird's Nest Revenue by Region (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 29. Asia Pacific Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 30. Latin America Instant Bird's Nest Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 31. Latin America Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 32. Latin America Instant Bird's Nest Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 33. Latin America Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 34. Middle East and Africa Instant Bird's Nest Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 35. Middle East and Africa Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 36. Middle East and Africa Instant Bird's Nest Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 37. Middle East and Africa Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 38. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales (K Units) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 39. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 40. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue (Million US$) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 41. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 42. Global Instant Bird's Nest Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 43. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales (K Units) by Application (2016-2021)
Table 44. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 45. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue (Million US$) by Application (2016-2021)
Table 46. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 47. Global Instant Bird's Nest Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2016-2021)
Table 48. Xiyuantang Corporation Information
Table 49. Xiyuantang Description and Business Overview
Table 50. Xiyuantang Instant Bird's Nest Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 51. Xiyuantang Instant Bird's Nest Product
Table 52. Xiyuantang Recent Developments/Updates
Table 53. Fomecs Corporation Information
Table 54. Fomecs Description and Business Overview
Table 55. Fomecs Instant Bird's Nest Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 56. Fomecs Instant Bird's Nest Product
Table 57. Fomecs Recent Developments/Updates
Table 58. Yan Palace Corporation Information
Table 59. Yan Palace Description and Business Overview
Table 60. Yan Palace Instant Bird's Nest Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 61. Yan Palace Instant Bird's Nest Product
Table 62. Yan Palace Recent Developments/Updates
Table 63. Happy Health（M）Sdn Bhd Corporation Information
Table 64. Happy Health（M）Sdn Bhd Description and Business Overview
Table 65. Happy Health（M）Sdn Bhd Instant Bird's Nest Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 66. Happy Health（M）Sdn Bhd Instant Bird's Nest Product
Table 67. Happy Health（M）Sdn Bhd Recent Developments/Updates
Table 68. BRAND'S Suntory (M) Sdn. Bhd. Corporation Information
Table 69. BRAND'S Suntory (M) Sdn. Bhd. Description and Business Overview
Table 70. BRAND'S Suntory (M) Sdn. Bhd. Instant Bird's Nest Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 71. BRAND'S Suntory (M) Sdn. Bhd. Instant Bird's Nest Product
Table 72. BRAND'S Suntory (M) Sdn. Bhd. Recent Developments/Updates
Table 73. IBNI Corporation Information
Table 74. IBNI Description and Business Overview
Table 75. IBNI Instant Bird's Nest Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 76. IBNI Instant Bird's Nest Product
Table 77. IBNI Recent Developments/Updates
Table 78. Eu Yan Sang Corporation Information
Table 79. Eu Yan Sang Description and Business Overview
Table 80. Eu Yan Sang Instant Bird's Nest Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 81. Eu Yan Sang Instant Bird's Nest Product
Table 82. Eu Yan Sang Recent Developments/Updates
Table 83. Dragon Brand Corporation Information
Table 84. Dragon Brand Description and Business Overview
Table 85. Dragon Brand Instant Bird's Nest Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 86. Dragon Brand Instant Bird's Nest Product
Table 87. Dragon Brand Recent Developments/Updates
Table 88. ONLLY Nutrition Corporation Information
Table 89. ONLLY Nutrition Description and Business Overview
Table 90. ONLLY Nutrition Instant Bird's Nest Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 91. ONLLY Nutrition Instant Bird's Nest Product
Table 92. ONLLY Nutrition Recent Developments/Updates
Table 93. Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Table 94. Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Table 95. Instant Bird's Nest Distributors List
Table 96. Instant Bird's Nest Customers List
Table 97. Instant Bird's Nest Market Trends
Table 98. Instant Bird's Nest Growth Drivers
Table 99. Instant Bird's Nest Market Restraints
Table 100. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (K Units)
Table 101. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table 102. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 103. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table 104. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Forecast by Application (2022-2027) & (K Units)
Table 105. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table 106. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Forecast by Application (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 107. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Market Share Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table 108. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Forecast by Region (2022-2027) & (K Units)
Table 109. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 110. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Forecast by Region (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 111. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Market Share Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 112. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 113. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 114. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Instant Bird's Nest
Figure 2. Global Instant Bird's Nest Market Share by Type in 2020 & 2027
Figure 3. Sugar Free Product Picture
Figure 4. With Rock Sugar Product Picture
Figure 5. Others Product Picture
Figure 6. Global Instant Bird's Nest Market Share by Application in 2020 & 2027
Figure 7. Supermarket
Figure 8. Specialty Store
Figure 9. Health Products Stores and Pharmacies
Figure 10. Online Sales
Figure 11. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue, (US$ Million), 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
Figure 12. Global Instant Bird's Nest Market Size 2016-2027 (US$ Million)
Figure 13. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales 2016-2027 (K Units)
Figure 14. Global Instant Bird's Nest Market Size Market Share by Region: 2016 VS 20210 VS 2027
Figure 15. Instant Bird's Nest Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 16. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 17. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Instant Bird's Nest Players: Market Share by Revenue in 2020
Figure 18. Instant Bird's Nest Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2016 VS 2021
Figure 19. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 20. Global Instant Bird's Nest Sales Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 21. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 22. Global Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 23. U.S. Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 24. Canada Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 25. Germany Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 26. France Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 27. U.K. Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 28. Italy Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 29. Russia Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 30. China Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 31. Japan Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 32. South Korea Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 33. India Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 34. Australia Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 35. Taiwan Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 36. Indonesia Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 37. Thailand Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 38. Malaysia Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 39. Philippines Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 40. Vietnam Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 41. Mexico Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 42. Brazil Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 43. Argentina Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 44. Turkey Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 45. Saudi Arabia Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 46. U.A.E Instant Bird's Nest Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 47. Sales Market Share of Instant Bird's Nest by Type (2016-2021)
Figure 48. Sales Market Share of Instant Bird's Nest by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 49. Sales Market Share of Instant Bird's Nest by Application in 2020
Figure 50. Revenue Share of Instant Bird's Nest by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 51. Revenue Share of Instant Bird's Nest by Application in 2020
Figure 52. Manufacturing Cost Structure of Instant Bird's Nest
Figure 53. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Instant Bird's Nest
Figure 54. Instant Bird's Nest Industrial Chain Analysis
Figure 55. Channels of Distribution
Figure 56. Distributors Profiles
Figure 57. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 58. Data Triangulation
Figure 59. Key Executives Interviewed