Index
1 Market Overview
1.1 NAND Flash Memory Introduction
1.2 Market Analysis by Type
1.2.1 Overview: Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Type: 2017 Versus 2021 Versus 2028
1.2.2 TLC NAND
1.2.3 MLC NAND
1.2.4 SLC NAND
1.2.5 QLC NAND
1.3 Market Analysis by Application
1.3.1 Overview: Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Application: 2017 Versus 2021 Versus 2028
1.3.2 PC
1.3.3 SSD
1.3.4 Consumer Electronics
1.3.5 Others
1.4 Global NAND Flash Memory Market Size & Forecast
1.4.1 Global NAND Flash Memory Sales in Value (2017 & 2021 & 2028)
1.4.2 Global NAND Flash Memory Sales in Volume (2017-2028)
1.4.3 Global NAND Flash Memory Price (2017-2028)
1.5 Global NAND Flash Memory Production Capacity Analysis
1.5.1 Global NAND Flash Memory Total Production Capacity (2017-2028)
1.5.2 Global NAND Flash Memory Production Capacity by Geographic Region
1.6 Market Drivers, Restraints and Trends
1.6.1 NAND Flash Memory Market Drivers
1.6.2 NAND Flash Memory Market Restraints
1.6.3 NAND Flash Memory Trends Analysis
2 Manufacturers Profiles
2.1 Samsung
2.1.1 Samsung Details
2.1.2 Samsung Major Business
2.1.3 Samsung NAND Flash Memory Product and Services
2.1.4 Samsung NAND Flash Memory Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.2 Kioxia
2.2.1 Kioxia Details
2.2.2 Kioxia Major Business
2.2.3 Kioxia NAND Flash Memory Product and Services
2.2.4 Kioxia NAND Flash Memory Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.3 WDC
2.3.1 WDC Details
2.3.2 WDC Major Business
2.3.3 WDC NAND Flash Memory Product and Services
2.3.4 WDC NAND Flash Memory Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.4 Micron
2.4.1 Micron Details
2.4.2 Micron Major Business
2.4.3 Micron NAND Flash Memory Product and Services
2.4.4 Micron NAND Flash Memory Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.5 SK Hynix
2.5.1 SK Hynix Details
2.5.2 SK Hynix Major Business
2.5.3 SK Hynix NAND Flash Memory Product and Services
2.5.4 SK Hynix NAND Flash Memory Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.6 Intel
2.6.1 Intel Details
2.6.2 Intel Major Business
2.6.3 Intel NAND Flash Memory Product and Services
2.6.4 Intel NAND Flash Memory Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
3 NAND Flash Memory Breakdown Data by Manufacturer
3.1 Global NAND Flash Memory Sales in Volume by Manufacturer (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
3.2 Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Manufacturer (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
3.3 Key Manufacturer Market Position in NAND Flash Memory
3.4 Market Concentration Rate
3.4.1 Top 3 NAND Flash Memory Manufacturer Market Share in 2021
3.4.2 Top 6 NAND Flash Memory Manufacturer Market Share in 2021
3.5 Global NAND Flash Memory Production Capacity by Company: 2021 VS 2022
3.6 Manufacturer by Geography: Head Office and NAND Flash Memory Production Site
3.7 New Entrant and Capacity Expansion Plans
3.8 Mergers & Acquisitions
4 Market Analysis by Region
4.1 Global NAND Flash Memory Market Size by Region
4.1.1 Global NAND Flash Memory Sales in Volume by Region (2017-2028)
4.1.2 Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Region (2017-2028)
4.2 North America NAND Flash Memory Revenue (2017-2028)
4.3 Europe NAND Flash Memory Revenue (2017-2028)
4.4 Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Revenue (2017-2028)
4.5 South America NAND Flash Memory Revenue (2017-2028)
4.6 Middle East and Africa NAND Flash Memory Revenue (2017-2028)
5 Market Segment by Type
5.1 Global NAND Flash Memory Sales in Volume by Type (2017-2028)
5.2 Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Type (2017-2028)
5.3 Global NAND Flash Memory Price by Type (2017-2028)
6 Market Segment by Application
6.1 Global NAND Flash Memory Sales in Volume by Application (2017-2028)
6.2 Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Application (2017-2028)
6.3 Global NAND Flash Memory Price by Application (2017-2028)
7 North America by Country, by Type, and by Application
7.1 North America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2017-2028)
7.2 North America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2017-2028)
7.3 North America NAND Flash Memory Market Size by Country
7.3.1 North America NAND Flash Memory Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
7.3.2 North America NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
7.3.3 United States Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
7.3.4 Canada Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
7.3.5 Mexico Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8 Europe by Country, by Type, and by Application
8.1 Europe NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2017-2028)
8.2 Europe NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2017-2028)
8.3 Europe NAND Flash Memory Market Size by Country
8.3.1 Europe NAND Flash Memory Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
8.3.2 Europe NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
8.3.3 Germany Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.4 France Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.5 United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.6 Russia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.7 Italy Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9 Asia-Pacific by Region, by Type, and by Application
9.1 Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2017-2028)
9.2 Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2017-2028)
9.3 Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Market Size by Region
9.3.1 Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Sales in Volume by Region (2017-2028)
9.3.2 Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Region (2017-2028)
9.3.3 China Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.4 Japan Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.5 Korea Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.6 India Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.7 Southeast Asia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.8 Australia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
10 South America by Region, by Type, and by Application
10.1 South America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2017-2028)
10.2 South America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2017-2028)
10.3 South America NAND Flash Memory Market Size by Country
10.3.1 South America NAND Flash Memory Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
10.3.2 South America NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
10.3.3 Brazil Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
10.3.4 Argentina Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11 Middle East & Africa by Country, by Type, and by Application
11.1 Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2017-2028)
11.2 Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2017-2028)
11.3 Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Market Size by Country
11.3.1 Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
11.3.2 Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
11.3.3 Turkey Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11.3.4 Egypt Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11.3.5 Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11.3.6 South Africa Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
12 Raw Material and Industry Chain
12.1 Raw Material of NAND Flash Memory and Key Manufacturers
12.2 Manufacturing Costs Percentage of NAND Flash Memory
12.3 NAND Flash Memory Production Process
12.4 NAND Flash Memory Industrial Chain
13 Sales Channel, Distributors, Traders and Dealers
13.1 Sales Channel
13.1.1 Direct Marketing
13.1.2 Indirect Marketing
13.2 NAND Flash Memory Typical Distributors
13.3 NAND Flash Memory Typical Customers
14 Research Findings and Conclusion
15 Appendix
15.1 Methodology
15.2 Research Process and Data Source
15.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
List of Tables
Table 1. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Type, (USD Million), 2017 & 2021 & 2028
Table 2. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Application, (USD Million), 2017 & 2021 & 2028
Table 3. Samsung Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 4. Samsung Major Business
Table 5. Samsung NAND Flash Memory Product and Services
Table 6. Samsung NAND Flash Memory Sales (M GB), Price (USD/GB), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 7. Kioxia Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 8. Kioxia Major Business
Table 9. Kioxia NAND Flash Memory Product and Services
Table 10. Kioxia NAND Flash Memory Sales (M GB), Price (USD/GB), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 11. WDC Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 12. WDC Major Business
Table 13. WDC NAND Flash Memory Product and Services
Table 14. WDC NAND Flash Memory Sales (M GB), Price (USD/GB), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 15. Micron Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 16. Micron Major Business
Table 17. Micron NAND Flash Memory Product and Services
Table 18. Micron NAND Flash Memory Sales (M GB), Price (USD/GB), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 19. SK Hynix Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 20. SK Hynix Major Business
Table 21. SK Hynix NAND Flash Memory Product and Services
Table 22. SK Hynix NAND Flash Memory Sales (M GB), Price (USD/GB), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 23. Intel Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 24. Intel Major Business
Table 25. Intel NAND Flash Memory Product and Services
Table 26. Intel NAND Flash Memory Sales (M GB), Price (USD/GB), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 27. Global NAND Flash Memory Sales by Manufacturer (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022) & (M GB)
Table 28. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Manufacturer (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022) & (USD Million)
Table 29. Market Position of Manufacturers in NAND Flash Memory, (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3), Based on Revenue in 2021
Table 30. Global NAND Flash Memory Production Capacity by Company, (M GB): 2020 VS 2021
Table 31. Head Office and NAND Flash Memory Production Site of Key Manufacturer
Table 32. NAND Flash Memory New Entrant and Capacity Expansion Plans
Table 33. NAND Flash Memory Mergers & Acquisitions in the Past Five Years
Table 34. Global NAND Flash Memory Sales by Region (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 35. Global NAND Flash Memory Sales by Region (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 36. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Region (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 37. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Region (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 38. Global NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 39. Global NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 40. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Type (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 41. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Type (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 42. Global NAND Flash Memory Price by Type (2017-2022) & (USD/GB)
Table 43. Global NAND Flash Memory Price by Type (2023-2028) & (USD/GB)
Table 44. Global NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 45. Global NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 46. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Application (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 47. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Application (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 48. Global NAND Flash Memory Price by Application (2017-2022) & (USD/GB)
Table 49. Global NAND Flash Memory Price by Application (2023-2028) & (USD/GB)
Table 50. North America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 51. North America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Country (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 52. North America NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 53. North America NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Country (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 54. North America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 55. North America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 56. North America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 57. North America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 58. Europe NAND Flash Memory Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 59. Europe NAND Flash Memory Sales by Country (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 60. Europe NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 61. Europe NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Country (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 62. Europe NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 63. Europe NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 64. Europe NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 65. Europe NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 66. Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Sales by Region (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 67. Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Sales by Region (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 68. Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Region (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 69. Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Region (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 70. Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 71. Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 72. Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 73. Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 74. South America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 75. South America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Country (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 76. South America NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 77. South America NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Country (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 78. South America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 79. South America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 80. South America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 81. South America NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 82. Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Sales by Region (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 83. Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Sales by Region (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 84. Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Region (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 85. Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Revenue by Region (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 86. Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 87. Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 88. Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (M GB)
Table 89. Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (M GB)
Table 90. NAND Flash Memory Raw Material
Table 91. Key Manufacturers of NAND Flash Memory Raw Materials
Table 92. Direct Channel Pros & Cons
Table 93. Indirect Channel Pros & Cons
Table 94. NAND Flash Memory Typical Distributors
Table 95. NAND Flash Memory Typical Customers
List of Figures
Figure 1. NAND Flash Memory Picture
Figure 2. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue Market Share by Type in 2021
Figure 3. TLC NAND
Figure 4. MLC NAND
Figure 5. SLC NAND
Figure 6. QLC NAND
Figure 7. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue Market Share by Application in 2021
Figure 8. PC
Figure 9. SSD
Figure 10. Consumer Electronics
Figure 11. Others
Figure 12. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue, (USD Million) & (M GB): 2017 & 2021 & 2028
Figure 13. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Forecast (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 14. Global NAND Flash Memory Sales (2017-2028) & (M GB)
Figure 15. Global NAND Flash Memory Price (2017-2028) & (USD/GB)
Figure 16. Global NAND Flash Memory Production Capacity (2017-2028) & (M GB)
Figure 17. Global NAND Flash Memory Production Capacity by Geographic Region: 2022 VS 2028
Figure 18. NAND Flash Memory Market Drivers
Figure 19. NAND Flash Memory Market Restraints
Figure 20. NAND Flash Memory Market Trends
Figure 21. Global NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Manufacturer in 2021
Figure 22. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue Market Share by Manufacturer in 2021
Figure 23. NAND Flash Memory Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) in 2021
Figure 24. Top 3 NAND Flash Memory Manufacturer (Revenue) Market Share in 2021
Figure 25. Top 6 NAND Flash Memory Manufacturer (Revenue) Market Share in 2021
Figure 26. Global NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 27. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 28. North America NAND Flash Memory Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 29. Europe NAND Flash Memory Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 30. Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 31. South America NAND Flash Memory Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 32. Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 33. Global NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 34. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 35. Global NAND Flash Memory Price by Type (2017-2028) & (USD/GB)
Figure 36. Global NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 37. Global NAND Flash Memory Revenue Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 38. Global NAND Flash Memory Price by Application (2017-2028) & (USD/GB)
Figure 39. North America NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 40. North America NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 41. North America NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 42. North America NAND Flash Memory Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 43. United States NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 44. Canada NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 45. Mexico NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 46. Europe NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 47. Europe NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 48. Europe NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 49. Europe NAND Flash Memory Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 50. Germany NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 51. France NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 52. United Kingdom NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 53. Russia NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 54. Italy NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 55. Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 56. Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 57. Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 58. Asia-Pacific NAND Flash Memory Revenue Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 59. China NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 60. Japan NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 61. Korea NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 62. India NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 63. Southeast Asia NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 64. Australia NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 65. South America NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 66. South America NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 67. South America NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 68. South America NAND Flash Memory Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 69. Brazil NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 70. Argentina NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 71. Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 72. Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 73. Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 74. Middle East & Africa NAND Flash Memory Revenue Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 75. Turkey NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 76. Egypt NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 77. Saudi Arabia NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 78. South Africa NAND Flash Memory Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 79. Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of NAND Flash Memory in 2021
Figure 80. Manufacturing Process Analysis of NAND Flash Memory
Figure 81. NAND Flash Memory Industrial Chain
Figure 82. Sales Channel: Direct Channel vs Indirect Channel
Figure 83. Methodology
Figure 84. Research Process and Data Source