Index
1 Market Overview
1.1 Pipetting Systems Introduction
1.2 Market Analysis by Type
1.2.1 Overview: Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Type: 2017 Versus 2021 Versus 2028
1.2.2 Automatic
1.2.3 Semiautomatic
1.2.4 Manual
1.3 Market Analysis by Application
1.3.1 Overview: Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Application: 2017 Versus 2021 Versus 2028
1.3.2 Biological Fields
1.3.3 Chemical Fields
1.3.4 Medical Fields
1.3.5 Others
1.4 Global Pipetting Systems Market Size & Forecast
1.4.1 Global Pipetting Systems Sales in Value (2017 & 2021 & 2028)
1.4.2 Global Pipetting Systems Sales in Volume (2017-2028)
1.4.3 Global Pipetting Systems Price (2017-2028)
1.5 Global Pipetting Systems Production Capacity Analysis
1.5.1 Global Pipetting Systems Total Production Capacity (2017-2028)
1.5.2 Global Pipetting Systems Production Capacity by Geographic Region
1.6 Market Drivers, Restraints and Trends
1.6.1 Pipetting Systems Market Drivers
1.6.2 Pipetting Systems Market Restraints
1.6.3 Pipetting Systems Trends Analysis
2 Manufacturers Profiles
2.1 Eppendorf
2.1.1 Eppendorf Details
2.1.2 Eppendorf Major Business
2.1.3 Eppendorf Pipetting Systems Product and Services
2.1.4 Eppendorf Pipetting Systems Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.2 Gilson international
2.2.1 Gilson international Details
2.2.2 Gilson international Major Business
2.2.3 Gilson international Pipetting Systems Product and Services
2.2.4 Gilson international Pipetting Systems Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.3 Biotek Instruments
2.3.1 Biotek Instruments Details
2.3.2 Biotek Instruments Major Business
2.3.3 Biotek Instruments Pipetting Systems Product and Services
2.3.4 Biotek Instruments Pipetting Systems Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.4 Thermo Scientific
2.4.1 Thermo Scientific Details
2.4.2 Thermo Scientific Major Business
2.4.3 Thermo Scientific Pipetting Systems Product and Services
2.4.4 Thermo Scientific Pipetting Systems Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.5 Mettler Toledo Analytical Instruments
2.5.1 Mettler Toledo Analytical Instruments Details
2.5.2 Mettler Toledo Analytical Instruments Major Business
2.5.3 Mettler Toledo Analytical Instruments Pipetting Systems Product and Services
2.5.4 Mettler Toledo Analytical Instruments Pipetting Systems Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.6 Agilent Technologies
2.6.1 Agilent Technologies Details
2.6.2 Agilent Technologies Major Business
2.6.3 Agilent Technologies Pipetting Systems Product and Services
2.6.4 Agilent Technologies Pipetting Systems Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
3 Pipetting Systems Breakdown Data by Manufacturer
3.1 Global Pipetting Systems Sales in Volume by Manufacturer (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
3.2 Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Manufacturer (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
3.3 Key Manufacturer Market Position in Pipetting Systems
3.4 Market Concentration Rate
3.4.1 Top 3 Pipetting Systems Manufacturer Market Share in 2021
3.4.2 Top 6 Pipetting Systems Manufacturer Market Share in 2021
3.5 Global Pipetting Systems Production Capacity by Company: 2021 VS 2022
3.6 Manufacturer by Geography: Head Office and Pipetting Systems Production Site
3.7 New Entrant and Capacity Expansion Plans
3.8 Mergers & Acquisitions
4 Market Analysis by Region
4.1 Global Pipetting Systems Market Size by Region
4.1.1 Global Pipetting Systems Sales in Volume by Region (2017-2028)
4.1.2 Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Region (2017-2028)
4.2 North America Pipetting Systems Revenue (2017-2028)
4.3 Europe Pipetting Systems Revenue (2017-2028)
4.4 Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Revenue (2017-2028)
4.5 South America Pipetting Systems Revenue (2017-2028)
4.6 Middle East and Africa Pipetting Systems Revenue (2017-2028)
5 Market Segment by Type
5.1 Global Pipetting Systems Sales in Volume by Type (2017-2028)
5.2 Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Type (2017-2028)
5.3 Global Pipetting Systems Price by Type (2017-2028)
6 Market Segment by Application
6.1 Global Pipetting Systems Sales in Volume by Application (2017-2028)
6.2 Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Application (2017-2028)
6.3 Global Pipetting Systems Price by Application (2017-2028)
7 North America by Country, by Type, and by Application
7.1 North America Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2017-2028)
7.2 North America Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2017-2028)
7.3 North America Pipetting Systems Market Size by Country
7.3.1 North America Pipetting Systems Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
7.3.2 North America Pipetting Systems Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
7.3.3 United States Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
7.3.4 Canada Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
7.3.5 Mexico Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8 Europe by Country, by Type, and by Application
8.1 Europe Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2017-2028)
8.2 Europe Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2017-2028)
8.3 Europe Pipetting Systems Market Size by Country
8.3.1 Europe Pipetting Systems Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
8.3.2 Europe Pipetting Systems Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
8.3.3 Germany Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.4 France Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.5 United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.6 Russia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.7 Italy Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9 Asia-Pacific by Region, by Type, and by Application
9.1 Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2017-2028)
9.2 Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2017-2028)
9.3 Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Market Size by Region
9.3.1 Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Sales in Volume by Region (2017-2028)
9.3.2 Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Revenue by Region (2017-2028)
9.3.3 China Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.4 Japan Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.5 Korea Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.6 India Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.7 Southeast Asia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.8 Australia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
10 South America by Region, by Type, and by Application
10.1 South America Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2017-2028)
10.2 South America Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2017-2028)
10.3 South America Pipetting Systems Market Size by Country
10.3.1 South America Pipetting Systems Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
10.3.2 South America Pipetting Systems Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
10.3.3 Brazil Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
10.3.4 Argentina Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11 Middle East & Africa by Country, by Type, and by Application
11.1 Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2017-2028)
11.2 Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2017-2028)
11.3 Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Market Size by Country
11.3.1 Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
11.3.2 Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
11.3.3 Turkey Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11.3.4 Egypt Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11.3.5 Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11.3.6 South Africa Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
12 Raw Material and Industry Chain
12.1 Raw Material of Pipetting Systems and Key Manufacturers
12.2 Manufacturing Costs Percentage of Pipetting Systems
12.3 Pipetting Systems Production Process
12.4 Pipetting Systems Industrial Chain
13 Sales Channel, Distributors, Traders and Dealers
13.1 Sales Channel
13.1.1 Direct Marketing
13.1.2 Indirect Marketing
13.2 Pipetting Systems Typical Distributors
13.3 Pipetting Systems Typical Customers
14 Research Findings and Conclusion
15 Appendix
15.1 Methodology
15.2 Research Process and Data Source
15.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
List of Tables
Table 1. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Type, (USD Million), 2017 & 2021 & 2028
Table 2. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Application, (USD Million), 2017 & 2021 & 2028
Table 3. Eppendorf Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 4. Eppendorf Major Business
Table 5. Eppendorf Pipetting Systems Product and Services
Table 6. Eppendorf Pipetting Systems Sales (K Units), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 7. Gilson international Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 8. Gilson international Major Business
Table 9. Gilson international Pipetting Systems Product and Services
Table 10. Gilson international Pipetting Systems Sales (K Units), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 11. Biotek Instruments Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 12. Biotek Instruments Major Business
Table 13. Biotek Instruments Pipetting Systems Product and Services
Table 14. Biotek Instruments Pipetting Systems Sales (K Units), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 15. Thermo Scientific Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 16. Thermo Scientific Major Business
Table 17. Thermo Scientific Pipetting Systems Product and Services
Table 18. Thermo Scientific Pipetting Systems Sales (K Units), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 19. Mettler Toledo Analytical Instruments Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 20. Mettler Toledo Analytical Instruments Major Business
Table 21. Mettler Toledo Analytical Instruments Pipetting Systems Product and Services
Table 22. Mettler Toledo Analytical Instruments Pipetting Systems Sales (K Units), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 23. Agilent Technologies Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 24. Agilent Technologies Major Business
Table 25. Agilent Technologies Pipetting Systems Product and Services
Table 26. Agilent Technologies Pipetting Systems Sales (K Units), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 27. Global Pipetting Systems Sales by Manufacturer (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022) & (K Units)
Table 28. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Manufacturer (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022) & (USD Million)
Table 29. Market Position of Manufacturers in Pipetting Systems, (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3), Based on Revenue in 2021
Table 30. Global Pipetting Systems Production Capacity by Company, (K Units): 2020 VS 2021
Table 31. Head Office and Pipetting Systems Production Site of Key Manufacturer
Table 32. Pipetting Systems New Entrant and Capacity Expansion Plans
Table 33. Pipetting Systems Mergers & Acquisitions in the Past Five Years
Table 34. Global Pipetting Systems Sales by Region (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 35. Global Pipetting Systems Sales by Region (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 36. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Region (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 37. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Region (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 38. Global Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 39. Global Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 40. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Type (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 41. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Type (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 42. Global Pipetting Systems Price by Type (2017-2022) & (USD/Unit)
Table 43. Global Pipetting Systems Price by Type (2023-2028) & (USD/Unit)
Table 44. Global Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 45. Global Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 46. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Application (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 47. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue by Application (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 48. Global Pipetting Systems Price by Application (2017-2022) & (USD/Unit)
Table 49. Global Pipetting Systems Price by Application (2023-2028) & (USD/Unit)
Table 50. North America Pipetting Systems Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 51. North America Pipetting Systems Sales by Country (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 52. North America Pipetting Systems Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 53. North America Pipetting Systems Revenue by Country (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 54. North America Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 55. North America Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 56. North America Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 57. North America Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 58. Europe Pipetting Systems Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 59. Europe Pipetting Systems Sales by Country (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 60. Europe Pipetting Systems Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 61. Europe Pipetting Systems Revenue by Country (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 62. Europe Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 63. Europe Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 64. Europe Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 65. Europe Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 66. Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Sales by Region (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 67. Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Sales by Region (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 68. Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Revenue by Region (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 69. Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Revenue by Region (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 70. Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 71. Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 72. Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 73. Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 74. South America Pipetting Systems Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 75. South America Pipetting Systems Sales by Country (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 76. South America Pipetting Systems Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 77. South America Pipetting Systems Revenue by Country (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 78. South America Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 79. South America Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 80. South America Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 81. South America Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 82. Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Sales by Region (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 83. Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Sales by Region (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 84. Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Revenue by Region (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 85. Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Revenue by Region (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 86. Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 87. Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Sales by Type (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 88. Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 89. Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Sales by Application (2023-2028) & (K Units)
Table 90. Pipetting Systems Raw Material
Table 91. Key Manufacturers of Pipetting Systems Raw Materials
Table 92. Direct Channel Pros & Cons
Table 93. Indirect Channel Pros & Cons
Table 94. Pipetting Systems Typical Distributors
Table 95. Pipetting Systems Typical Customers
List of Figures
Figure 1. Pipetting Systems Picture
Figure 2. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue Market Share by Type in 2021
Figure 3. Automatic
Figure 4. Semiautomatic
Figure 5. Manual
Figure 6. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue Market Share by Application in 2021
Figure 7. Biological Fields
Figure 8. Chemical Fields
Figure 9. Medical Fields
Figure 10. Others
Figure 11. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue, (USD Million) & (K Units): 2017 & 2021 & 2028
Figure 12. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue and Forecast (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 13. Global Pipetting Systems Sales (2017-2028) & (K Units)
Figure 14. Global Pipetting Systems Price (2017-2028) & (USD/Unit)
Figure 15. Global Pipetting Systems Production Capacity (2017-2028) & (K Units)
Figure 16. Global Pipetting Systems Production Capacity by Geographic Region: 2022 VS 2028
Figure 17. Pipetting Systems Market Drivers
Figure 18. Pipetting Systems Market Restraints
Figure 19. Pipetting Systems Market Trends
Figure 20. Global Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Manufacturer in 2021
Figure 21. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue Market Share by Manufacturer in 2021
Figure 22. Pipetting Systems Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) in 2021
Figure 23. Top 3 Pipetting Systems Manufacturer (Revenue) Market Share in 2021
Figure 24. Top 6 Pipetting Systems Manufacturer (Revenue) Market Share in 2021
Figure 25. Global Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 26. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 27. North America Pipetting Systems Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 28. Europe Pipetting Systems Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 29. Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 30. South America Pipetting Systems Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 31. Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Revenue (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 32. Global Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 33. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 34. Global Pipetting Systems Price by Type (2017-2028) & (USD/Unit)
Figure 35. Global Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 36. Global Pipetting Systems Revenue Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 37. Global Pipetting Systems Price by Application (2017-2028) & (USD/Unit)
Figure 38. North America Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 39. North America Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 40. North America Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 41. North America Pipetting Systems Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 42. United States Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 43. Canada Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 44. Mexico Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 45. Europe Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 46. Europe Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 47. Europe Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 48. Europe Pipetting Systems Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 49. Germany Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 50. France Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 51. United Kingdom Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 52. Russia Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 53. Italy Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 54. Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 55. Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 56. Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 57. Asia-Pacific Pipetting Systems Revenue Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 58. China Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 59. Japan Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 60. Korea Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 61. India Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 62. Southeast Asia Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 63. Australia Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 64. South America Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 65. South America Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 66. South America Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 67. South America Pipetting Systems Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 68. Brazil Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 69. Argentina Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 70. Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 71. Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 72. Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 73. Middle East & Africa Pipetting Systems Revenue Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 74. Turkey Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 75. Egypt Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 76. Saudi Arabia Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 77. South Africa Pipetting Systems Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 78. Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Pipetting Systems in 2021
Figure 79. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Pipetting Systems
Figure 80. Pipetting Systems Industrial Chain
Figure 81. Sales Channel: Direct Channel vs Indirect Channel
Figure 82. Methodology
Figure 83. Research Process and Data Source