The Market Reports

Index

1 Report Overview
1.1 Study Scope
1.2 Market Analysis by Type
1.2.1 Global Product Serialization Software Market Size Growth Rate by Type: 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
1.2.2 1-2 Level Serialization Software
1.2.3 3 Level Serialization Software
1.2.4 4 Level Serialization Software
1.2.5 5 Level Serialization Software
1.3 Market by Application
1.3.1 Global Product Serialization Software Market Share by Application: 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
1.3.2 Pharmaceutical
1.3.3 Food and Beverage
1.3.4 Others
1.4 Study Objectives
1.5 Years Considered
2 Global Growth Trends
2.1 Global Product Serialization Software Market Perspective (2017-2028)
2.2 Product Serialization Software Growth Trends by Region
2.2.1 Product Serialization Software Market Size by Region: 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
2.2.2 Product Serialization Software Historic Market Size by Region (2017-2022)
2.2.3 Product Serialization Software Forecasted Market Size by Region (2023-2028)
2.3 Product Serialization Software Market Dynamics
2.3.1 Product Serialization Software Industry Trends
2.3.2 Product Serialization Software Market Drivers
2.3.3 Product Serialization Software Market Challenges
2.3.4 Product Serialization Software Market Restraints
3 Competition Landscape by Key Players
3.1 Global Top Product Serialization Software Players by Revenue
3.1.1 Global Top Product Serialization Software Players by Revenue (2017-2022)
3.1.2 Global Product Serialization Software Revenue Market Share by Players (2017-2022)
3.2 Global Product Serialization Software Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
3.3 Players Covered: Ranking by Product Serialization Software Revenue
3.4 Global Product Serialization Software Market Concentration Ratio
3.4.1 Global Product Serialization Software Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
3.4.2 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by Product Serialization Software Revenue in 2021
3.5 Product Serialization Software Key Players Head office and Area Served
3.6 Key Players Product Serialization Software Product Solution and Service
3.7 Date of Enter into Product Serialization Software Market
3.8 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
4 Product Serialization Software Breakdown Data by Type
4.1 Global Product Serialization Software Historic Market Size by Type (2017-2022)
4.2 Global Product Serialization Software Forecasted Market Size by Type (2023-2028)
5 Product Serialization Software Breakdown Data by Application
5.1 Global Product Serialization Software Historic Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
5.2 Global Product Serialization Software Forecasted Market Size by Application (2023-2028)
6 North America
6.1 North America Product Serialization Software Market Size (2017-2028)
6.2 North America Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
6.3 North America Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
6.4 United States
6.5 Canada
7 Europe
7.1 Europe Product Serialization Software Market Size (2017-2028)
7.2 Europe Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
7.3 Europe Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
7.4 Germany
7.5 France
7.6 U.K.
7.7 Italy
7.8 Russia
7.9 Nordic Countries
8 Asia-Pacific
8.1 Asia-Pacific Product Serialization Software Market Size (2017-2028)
8.2 Asia-Pacific Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
8.3 Asia-Pacific Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
8.4 China
8.5 Japan
8.6 South Korea
8.7 Southeast Asia
8.8 India
8.9 Australia
9 Latin America
9.1 Latin America Product Serialization Software Market Size (2017-2028)
9.2 Latin America Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
9.3 Latin America Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
9.4 Mexico
9.5 Brazil
10 Middle East & Africa
10.1 Middle East & Africa Product Serialization Software Market Size (2017-2028)
10.2 Middle East & Africa Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
10.3 Middle East & Africa Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
10.4 Turkey
10.5 Saudi Arabia
10.6 UAE
11 Key Players Profiles
11.1 SAP
11.1.1 SAP Company Detail
11.1.2 SAP Business Overview
11.1.3 SAP Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.1.4 SAP Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.1.5 SAP Recent Development
11.2 Kezzler
11.2.1 Kezzler Company Detail
11.2.2 Kezzler Business Overview
11.2.3 Kezzler Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.2.4 Kezzler Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.2.5 Kezzler Recent Development
11.3 Covectra
11.3.1 Covectra Company Detail
11.3.2 Covectra Business Overview
11.3.3 Covectra Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.3.4 Covectra Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.3.5 Covectra Recent Development
11.4 Pineberry
11.4.1 Pineberry Company Detail
11.4.2 Pineberry Business Overview
11.4.3 Pineberry Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.4.4 Pineberry Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.4.5 Pineberry Recent Development
11.5 Rockwell Automation
11.5.1 Rockwell Automation Company Detail
11.5.2 Rockwell Automation Business Overview
11.5.3 Rockwell Automation Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.5.4 Rockwell Automation Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.5.5 Rockwell Automation Recent Development
11.6 SEA Vision
11.6.1 SEA Vision Company Detail
11.6.2 SEA Vision Business Overview
11.6.3 SEA Vision Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.6.4 SEA Vision Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.6.5 SEA Vision Recent Development
11.7 RFXCEL
11.7.1 RFXCEL Company Detail
11.7.2 RFXCEL Business Overview
11.7.3 RFXCEL Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.7.4 RFXCEL Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.7.5 RFXCEL Recent Development
11.8 Advanco
11.8.1 Advanco Company Detail
11.8.2 Advanco Business Overview
11.8.3 Advanco Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.8.4 Advanco Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.8.5 Advanco Recent Development
11.9 SoftGroup
11.9.1 SoftGroup Company Detail
11.9.2 SoftGroup Business Overview
11.9.3 SoftGroup Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.9.4 SoftGroup Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.9.5 SoftGroup Recent Development
11.10 ZPI Software
11.10.1 ZPI Software Company Detail
11.10.2 ZPI Software Business Overview
11.10.3 ZPI Software Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.10.4 ZPI Software Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.10.5 ZPI Software Recent Development
11.11 Radley
11.11.1 Radley Company Detail
11.11.2 Radley Business Overview
11.11.3 Radley Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.11.4 Radley Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.11.5 Radley Recent Development
11.12 Courbon Software
11.12.1 Courbon Software Company Detail
11.12.2 Courbon Software Business Overview
11.12.3 Courbon Software Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.12.4 Courbon Software Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.12.5 Courbon Software Recent Development
11.13 Zetes
11.13.1 Zetes Company Detail
11.13.2 Zetes Business Overview
11.13.3 Zetes Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.13.4 Zetes Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.13.5 Zetes Recent Development
11.14 REPASSA
11.14.1 REPASSA Company Detail
11.14.2 REPASSA Business Overview
11.14.3 REPASSA Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.14.4 REPASSA Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.14.5 REPASSA Recent Development
11.15 Innovatum
11.15.1 Innovatum Company Detail
11.15.2 Innovatum Business Overview
11.15.3 Innovatum Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.15.4 Innovatum Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.15.5 Innovatum Recent Development
11.16 Mojix
11.16.1 Mojix Company Detail
11.16.2 Mojix Business Overview
11.16.3 Mojix Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.16.4 Mojix Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.16.5 Mojix Recent Development
11.17 Adents
11.17.1 Adents Company Detail
11.17.2 Adents Business Overview
11.17.3 Adents Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.17.4 Adents Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.17.5 Adents Recent Development
11.18 Vimachem
11.18.1 Vimachem Company Detail
11.18.2 Vimachem Business Overview
11.18.3 Vimachem Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.18.4 Vimachem Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.18.5 Vimachem Recent Development
11.19 Inexto
11.19.1 Inexto Company Detail
11.19.2 Inexto Business Overview
11.19.3 Inexto Product Serialization Software Introduction
11.19.4 Inexto Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
11.19.5 Inexto Recent Development
12 Analyst's Viewpoints/Conclusions
13 Appendix
13.1 Research Methodology
13.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.2 Data Source
13.2 Disclaimer
13.3 Author Details

List of Tables

List of Tables
Table 1. Global Product Serialization Software Market Size Growth Rate by Type (US$ Million): 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
Table 2. Key Players of 1-2 Level Serialization Software
Table 3. Key Players of 3 Level Serialization Software
Table 4. Key Players of 4 Level Serialization Software
Table 5. Key Players of 5 Level Serialization Software
Table 6. Global Product Serialization Software Market Size Growth by Application (US$ Million): 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
Table 7. Global Product Serialization Software Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
Table 8. Global Product Serialization Software Market Size by Region (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 9. Global Product Serialization Software Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
Table 10. Global Product Serialization Software Forecasted Market Size by Region (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 11. Global Product Serialization Software Market Share by Region (2023-2028)
Table 12. Product Serialization Software Market Trends
Table 13. Product Serialization Software Market Drivers
Table 14. Product Serialization Software Market Challenges
Table 15. Product Serialization Software Market Restraints
Table 16. Global Product Serialization Software Revenue by Players (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 17. Global Product Serialization Software Market Share by Players (2017-2022)
Table 18. Global Top Product Serialization Software Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Product Serialization Software as of 2021)
Table 19. Ranking of Global Top Product Serialization Software Companies by Revenue (US$ Million) in 2021
Table 20. Global 5 Largest Players Market Share by Product Serialization Software Revenue (CR5 and HHI) & (2017-2022)
Table 21. Key Players Headquarters and Area Served
Table 22. Key Players Product Serialization Software Product Solution and Service
Table 23. Date of Enter into Product Serialization Software Market
Table 24. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 25. Global Product Serialization Software Market Size by Type (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 26. Global Product Serialization Software Revenue Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
Table 27. Global Product Serialization Software Forecasted Market Size by Type (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 28. Global Product Serialization Software Revenue Market Share by Type (2023-2028)
Table 29. Global Product Serialization Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 30. Global Product Serialization Software Revenue Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
Table 31. Global Product Serialization Software Forecasted Market Size by Application (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 32. Global Product Serialization Software Revenue Market Share by Application (2023-2028)
Table 33. North America Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 34. North America Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 35. Europe Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 36. Europe Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 37. Asia-Pacific Product Serialization Software Market Size by Region (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 38. Asia-Pacific Product Serialization Software Market Size by Region (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 39. Latin America Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 40. Latin America Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 41. Middle East & Africa Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 42. Middle East & Africa Product Serialization Software Market Size by Country (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
Table 43. SAP Company Detail
Table 44. SAP Business Overview
Table 45. SAP Product Serialization Software Product
Table 46. SAP Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 47. SAP Recent Development
Table 48. Kezzler Company Detail
Table 49. Kezzler Business Overview
Table 50. Kezzler Product Serialization Software Product
Table 51. Kezzler Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 52. Kezzler Recent Development
Table 53. Covectra Company Detail
Table 54. Covectra Business Overview
Table 55. Covectra Product Serialization Software Product
Table 56. Covectra Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 57. Covectra Recent Development
Table 58. Pineberry Company Detail
Table 59. Pineberry Business Overview
Table 60. Pineberry Product Serialization Software Product
Table 61. Pineberry Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 62. Pineberry Recent Development
Table 63. Rockwell Automation Company Detail
Table 64. Rockwell Automation Business Overview
Table 65. Rockwell Automation Product Serialization Software Product
Table 66. Rockwell Automation Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 67. Rockwell Automation Recent Development
Table 68. SEA Vision Company Detail
Table 69. SEA Vision Business Overview
Table 70. SEA Vision Product Serialization Software Product
Table 71. SEA Vision Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 72. SEA Vision Recent Development
Table 73. RFXCEL Company Detail
Table 74. RFXCEL Business Overview
Table 75. RFXCEL Product Serialization Software Product
Table 76. RFXCEL Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 77. RFXCEL Recent Development
Table 78. Advanco Company Detail
Table 79. Advanco Business Overview
Table 80. Advanco Product Serialization Software Product
Table 81. Advanco Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 82. Advanco Recent Development
Table 83. SoftGroup Company Detail
Table 84. SoftGroup Business Overview
Table 85. SoftGroup Product Serialization Software Product
Table 86. SoftGroup Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 87. SoftGroup Recent Development
Table 88. ZPI Software Company Detail
Table 89. ZPI Software Business Overview
Table 90. ZPI Software Product Serialization Software Product
Table 91. ZPI Software Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 92. ZPI Software Recent Development
Table 93. Radley Company Detail
Table 94. Radley Business Overview
Table 95. Radley Product Serialization SoftwareProduct
Table 96. Radley Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 97. Radley Recent Development
Table 98. Courbon Software Company Detail
Table 99. Courbon Software Business Overview
Table 100. Courbon Software Product Serialization SoftwareProduct
Table 101. Courbon Software Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 102. Courbon Software Recent Development
Table 103. Zetes Company Detail
Table 104. Zetes Business Overview
Table 105. Zetes Product Serialization SoftwareProduct
Table 106. Zetes Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 107. Zetes Recent Development
Table 108. REPASSA Company Detail
Table 109. REPASSA Business Overview
Table 110. REPASSA Product Serialization SoftwareProduct
Table 111. REPASSA Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 112. REPASSA Recent Development
Table 113. Innovatum Company Detail
Table 114. Innovatum Business Overview
Table 115. Innovatum Product Serialization SoftwareProduct
Table 116. Innovatum Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 117. Innovatum Recent Development
Table 118. Mojix Company Detail
Table 119. Mojix Business Overview
Table 120. Mojix Product Serialization SoftwareProduct
Table 121. Mojix Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 122. Mojix Recent Development
Table 123. Adents Company Detail
Table 124. Adents Business Overview
Table 125. Adents Product Serialization SoftwareProduct
Table 126. Adents Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 127. Adents Recent Development
Table 128. Vimachem Company Detail
Table 129. Vimachem Business Overview
Table 130. Vimachem Product Serialization SoftwareProduct
Table 131. Vimachem Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 132. Vimachem Recent Development
Table 133. Inexto Company Detail
Table 134. Inexto Business Overview
Table 135. Inexto Product Serialization SoftwareProduct
Table 136. Inexto Revenue in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
Table 137. Inexto Recent Development
Table 138. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 139. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 140. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Global Product Serialization Software Market Share by Type: 2021 VS 2028
Figure 2. 1-2 Level Serialization Software Features
Figure 3. 3 Level Serialization Software Features
Figure 4. 4 Level Serialization Software Features
Figure 5. 5 Level Serialization Software Features
Figure 6. Global Product Serialization Software Market Share by Application in 2021 & 2028
Figure 7. Pharmaceutical Case Studies
Figure 8. Food and Beverage Case Studies
Figure 9. Others Case Studies
Figure 10. Product Serialization Software Report Years Considered
Figure 11. Global Product Serialization Software Market Size (US$ Million), Year-over-Year: 2017-2028
Figure 12. Global Product Serialization Software Market Size, (US$ Million), 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
Figure 13. Global Product Serialization Software Market Share by Region: 2021 VS 2028
Figure 14. Global Product Serialization Software Market Share by Players in 2021
Figure 15. Global Top Product Serialization Software Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Product Serialization Software as of 2021)
Figure 16. The Top 10 and 5 Players Market Share by Product Serialization Software Revenue in 2021
Figure 17. North America Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 18. North America Product Serialization Software Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 19. United States Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 20. Canada Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 21. Europe Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 22. Europe Product Serialization Software Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 23. Germany Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 24. France Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 25. U.K. Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 26. Italy Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 27. Russia Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 28. Nordic Countries Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 29. Asia-Pacific Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 30. Asia-Pacific Product Serialization Software Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 31. China Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 32. Japan Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 33. South Korea Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 34. Southeast Asia Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 35. India Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 36. Australia Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 37. Latin America Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 38. Latin America Product Serialization Software Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 39. Mexico Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 40. Brazil Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 41. Middle East & Africa Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 42. Middle East & Africa Product Serialization Software Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 43. Turkey Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 44. Saudi Arabia Product Serialization Software Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
Figure 45. SAP Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 46. Kezzler Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 47. Covectra Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 48. Pineberry Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 49. Rockwell Automation Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 50. SEA Vision Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 51. RFXCEL Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 52. Advanco Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 53. SoftGroup Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 54. ZPI Software Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 55. Radley Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 56. Courbon Software Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 57. Zetes Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 58. REPASSA Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 59. Innovatum Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 60. Mojix Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 61. Adents Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 62. Vimachem Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 63. Inexto Revenue Growth Rate in Product Serialization Software Business (2017-2022)
Figure 64. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 65. Data Triangulation
Figure 66. Key Executives Interviewed