Index
1 Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Semen Analysis
1.2 Classification of Semen Analysis by Type
1.2.1 Overview: Global Semen Analysis Market Size by Type: 2017 Versus 2021 Versus 2028
1.2.2 Global Semen Analysis Revenue Market Share by Type in 2021
1.2.3 Analyzers
1.2.4 Reagents and Kits
1.3 Global Semen Analysis Market by Application
1.3.1 Overview: Global Semen Analysis Market Size by Application: 2017 Versus 2021 Versus 2028
1.3.2 Hospitals and Fertility Clinics
1.3.3 Home Care
1.4 Global Semen Analysis Market Size & Forecast
1.5 Global Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast by Region
1.5.1 Global Semen Analysis Market Size by Region: 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
1.5.2 Global Semen Analysis Market Size by Region, (2017-2022)
1.5.3 North America Semen Analysis Market Size and Prospect (2017-2028)
1.5.4 Europe Semen Analysis Market Size and Prospect (2017-2028)
1.5.5 Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Market Size and Prospect (2017-2028)
1.5.6 South America Semen Analysis Market Size and Prospect (2017-2028)
1.5.7 Middle East and Africa Semen Analysis Market Size and Prospect (2017-2028)
1.6 Market Drivers, Restraints and Trends
1.6.1 Semen Analysis Market Drivers
1.6.2 Semen Analysis Market Restraints
1.6.3 Semen Analysis Trends Analysis
2 Company Profiles
2.1 Medical Electronics System
2.1.1 Medical Electronics System Details
2.1.2 Medical Electronics System Major Business
2.1.3 Medical Electronics System Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
2.1.4 Medical Electronics System Semen Analysis Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.1.5 Medical Electronics System Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.2 CooperSurgical
2.2.1 CooperSurgical Details
2.2.2 CooperSurgical Major Business
2.2.3 CooperSurgical Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
2.2.4 CooperSurgical Semen Analysis Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.2.5 CooperSurgical Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.3 Hamilton Thorne
2.3.1 Hamilton Thorne Details
2.3.2 Hamilton Thorne Major Business
2.3.3 Hamilton Thorne Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
2.3.4 Hamilton Thorne Semen Analysis Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.3.5 Hamilton Thorne Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.4 FertiPro
2.4.1 FertiPro Details
2.4.2 FertiPro Major Business
2.4.3 FertiPro Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
2.4.4 FertiPro Semen Analysis Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.4.5 FertiPro Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.5 Sperm Processor
2.5.1 Sperm Processor Details
2.5.2 Sperm Processor Major Business
2.5.3 Sperm Processor Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
2.5.4 Sperm Processor Semen Analysis Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.5.5 Sperm Processor Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.6 Microptic
2.6.1 Microptic Details
2.6.2 Microptic Major Business
2.6.3 Microptic Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
2.6.4 Microptic Semen Analysis Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.6.5 Microptic Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.7 DNA Diagnostic Center
2.7.1 DNA Diagnostic Center Details
2.7.2 DNA Diagnostic Center Major Business
2.7.3 DNA Diagnostic Center Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
2.7.4 DNA Diagnostic Center Semen Analysis Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.7.5 DNA Diagnostic Center Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.8 Princeton BioMeditech
2.8.1 Princeton BioMeditech Details
2.8.2 Princeton BioMeditech Major Business
2.8.3 Princeton BioMeditech Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
2.8.4 Princeton BioMeditech Semen Analysis Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.8.5 Princeton BioMeditech Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.9 Proiser R+D
2.9.1 Proiser R+D Details
2.9.2 Proiser R+D Major Business
2.9.3 Proiser R+D Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
2.9.4 Proiser R+D Semen Analysis Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.9.5 Proiser R+D Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.10 MotilityCount
2.10.1 MotilityCount Details
2.10.2 MotilityCount Major Business
2.10.3 MotilityCount Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
2.10.4 MotilityCount Semen Analysis Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.10.5 MotilityCount Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.11 Bioline Technologies
2.11.1 Bioline Technologies Details
2.11.2 Bioline Technologies Major Business
2.11.3 Bioline Technologies Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
2.11.4 Bioline Technologies Semen Analysis Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.11.5 Bioline Technologies Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.12 Sandstone Diagnostics
2.12.1 Sandstone Diagnostics Details
2.12.2 Sandstone Diagnostics Major Business
2.12.3 Sandstone Diagnostics Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
2.12.4 Sandstone Diagnostics Semen Analysis Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.12.5 Sandstone Diagnostics Recent Developments and Future Plans
3 Market Competition, by Players
3.1 Global Semen Analysis Revenue and Share by Players (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
3.2 Market Concentration Rate
3.2.1 Top 3 Semen Analysis Players Market Share in 2021
3.2.2 Top 10 Semen Analysis Players Market Share in 2021
3.2.3 Market Competition Trend
3.3 Semen Analysis Players Head Office, Products and Services Provided
3.4 Semen Analysis Mergers & Acquisitions
3.5 Semen Analysis New Entrants and Expansion Plans
4 Market Size Segment by Type
4.1 Global Semen Analysis Revenue and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
4.2 Global Semen Analysis Market Forecast by Type (2023-2028)
5 Market Size Segment by Application
5.1 Global Semen Analysis Revenue Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
5.2 Global Semen Analysis Market Forecast by Application (2023-2028)
6 North America by Country, by Type, and by Application
6.1 North America Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2017-2028)
6.2 North America Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2017-2028)
6.3 North America Semen Analysis Market Size by Country
6.3.1 North America Semen Analysis Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
6.3.2 United States Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
6.3.3 Canada Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
6.3.4 Mexico Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
7 Europe by Country, by Type, and by Application
7.1 Europe Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2017-2028)
7.2 Europe Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2017-2028)
7.3 Europe Semen Analysis Market Size by Country
7.3.1 Europe Semen Analysis Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
7.3.2 Germany Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
7.3.3 France Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
7.3.4 United Kingdom Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
7.3.5 Russia Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
7.3.6 Italy Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8 Asia-Pacific by Region, by Type, and by Application
8.1 Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2017-2028)
8.2 Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2017-2028)
8.3 Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Market Size by Region
8.3.1 Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Revenue by Region (2017-2028)
8.3.2 China Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.3 Japan Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.4 South Korea Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.5 India Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.6 Southeast Asia Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.7 Australia Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9 South America by Country, by Type, and by Application
9.1 South America Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2017-2028)
9.2 South America Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2017-2028)
9.3 South America Semen Analysis Market Size by Country
9.3.1 South America Semen Analysis Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
9.3.2 Brazil Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.3 Argentina Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
10 Middle East & Africa by Country, by Type, and by Application
10.1 Middle East & Africa Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2017-2028)
10.2 Middle East & Africa Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2017-2028)
10.3 Middle East & Africa Semen Analysis Market Size by Country
10.3.1 Middle East & Africa Semen Analysis Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
10.3.2 Turkey Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
10.3.3 Saudi Arabia Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
10.3.4 UAE Semen Analysis Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11 Research Findings and Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Methodology
12.2 Research Process and Data Source
12.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
List of Tables
Table 1. Global Semen Analysis Revenue by Type, (USD Million), 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
Table 2. Global Semen Analysis Revenue by Application, (USD Million), 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
Table 3. Global Market Semen Analysis Revenue (Million USD) Comparison by Region (2017 VS 2021 VS 2028)
Table 4. Global Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million) by Region (2017-2022)
Table 5. Global Semen Analysis Revenue Market Share by Region (2023-2028)
Table 6. Medical Electronics System Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 7. Medical Electronics System Major Business
Table 8. Medical Electronics System Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
Table 9. Medical Electronics System Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 10. CooperSurgical Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 11. CooperSurgical Major Business
Table 12. CooperSurgical Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
Table 13. CooperSurgical Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 14. Hamilton Thorne Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 15. Hamilton Thorne Major Business
Table 16. Hamilton Thorne Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
Table 17. Hamilton Thorne Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 18. FertiPro Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 19. FertiPro Major Business
Table 20. FertiPro Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
Table 21. FertiPro Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 22. Sperm Processor Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 23. Sperm Processor Major Business
Table 24. Sperm Processor Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
Table 25. Sperm Processor Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 26. Microptic Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 27. Microptic Major Business
Table 28. Microptic Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
Table 29. Microptic Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 30. DNA Diagnostic Center Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 31. DNA Diagnostic Center Major Business
Table 32. DNA Diagnostic Center Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
Table 33. DNA Diagnostic Center Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 34. Princeton BioMeditech Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 35. Princeton BioMeditech Major Business
Table 36. Princeton BioMeditech Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
Table 37. Princeton BioMeditech Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 38. Proiser R+D Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 39. Proiser R+D Major Business
Table 40. Proiser R+D Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
Table 41. Proiser R+D Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 42. MotilityCount Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 43. MotilityCount Major Business
Table 44. MotilityCount Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
Table 45. MotilityCount Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 46. Bioline Technologies Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 47. Bioline Technologies Major Business
Table 48. Bioline Technologies Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
Table 49. Bioline Technologies Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 50. Sandstone Diagnostics Corporate Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 51. Sandstone Diagnostics Major Business
Table 52. Sandstone Diagnostics Semen Analysis Product and Solutions
Table 53. Sandstone Diagnostics Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 54. Global Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million) by Players (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 55. Global Semen Analysis Revenue Share by Players (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
Table 56. Breakdown of Semen Analysis by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)
Table 57. Semen Analysis Players Head Office, Products and Services Provided
Table 58. Semen Analysis Mergers & Acquisitions in the Past Five Years
Table 59. Semen Analysis New Entrants and Expansion Plans
Table 60. Global Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million) by Type (2017-2022)
Table 61. Global Semen Analysis Revenue Share by Type (2017-2022)
Table 62. Global Semen Analysis Revenue Forecast by Type (2023-2028)
Table 63. Global Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2017-2022)
Table 64. Global Semen Analysis Revenue Forecast by Application (2023-2028)
Table 65. North America Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 66. North America Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 67. North America Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 68. North America Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 69. North America Semen Analysis Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 70. North America Semen Analysis Revenue by Country (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 71. Europe Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 72. Europe Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 73. Europe Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 74. Europe Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 75. Europe Semen Analysis Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 76. Europe Semen Analysis Revenue by Country (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 77. Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 78. Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 79. Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 80. Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 81. Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Revenue by Region (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 82. Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Revenue by Region (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 83. South America Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 84. South America Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 85. South America Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 86. South America Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 87. South America Semen Analysis Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 88. South America Semen Analysis Revenue by Country (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 89. Middle East & Africa Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 90. Middle East & Africa Semen Analysis Revenue by Type (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 91. Middle East & Africa Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 92. Middle East & Africa Semen Analysis Revenue by Application (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
Table 93. Middle East & Africa Semen Analysis Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & (USD Million)
Table 94. Middle East & Africa Semen Analysis Revenue by Country (2023-2028) & (USD Million)
List of Figures
Figure 1. Semen Analysis Picture
Figure 2. Global Semen Analysis Revenue Market Share by Type in 2021
Figure 3. Analyzers
Figure 4. Reagents and Kits
Figure 5. Semen Analysis Revenue Market Share by Application in 2021
Figure 6. Hospitals and Fertility Clinics Picture
Figure 7. Home Care Picture
Figure 8. Global Semen Analysis Market Size, (USD Million): 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
Figure 9. Global Semen Analysis Revenue and Forecast (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 10. Global Semen Analysis Revenue Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 11. Global Semen Analysis Revenue Market Share by Region in 2021
Figure 12. North America Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million) and Growth Rate (2017-2028)
Figure 13. Europe Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million) and Growth Rate (2017-2028)
Figure 14. Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million) and Growth Rate (2017-2028)
Figure 15. South America Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million) and Growth Rate (2017-2028)
Figure 16. Middle East and Africa Semen Analysis Revenue (USD Million) and Growth Rate (2017-2028)
Figure 17. Semen Analysis Market Drivers
Figure 18. Semen Analysis Market Restraints
Figure 19. Semen Analysis Market Trends
Figure 20. Medical Electronics System Recent Developments and Future Plans
Figure 21. CooperSurgical Recent Developments and Future Plans
Figure 22. Hamilton Thorne Recent Developments and Future Plans
Figure 23. FertiPro Recent Developments and Future Plans
Figure 24. Sperm Processor Recent Developments and Future Plans
Figure 25. Microptic Recent Developments and Future Plans
Figure 26. DNA Diagnostic Center Recent Developments and Future Plans
Figure 27. Princeton BioMeditech Recent Developments and Future Plans
Figure 28. Proiser R+D Recent Developments and Future Plans
Figure 29. MotilityCount Recent Developments and Future Plans
Figure 30. Bioline Technologies Recent Developments and Future Plans
Figure 31. Sandstone Diagnostics Recent Developments and Future Plans
Figure 32. Global Semen Analysis Revenue Share by Players in 2021
Figure 33. Semen Analysis Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) in 2021
Figure 34. Global Top 3 Players Semen Analysis Revenue Market Share in 2021
Figure 35. Global Top 10 Players Semen Analysis Revenue Market Share in 2021
Figure 36. Key Players Market Share Trend (Top 3 Market Share: 2020 VS 2021 VS 2022)
Figure 37. Global Semen Analysis Revenue Share by Type in 2021
Figure 38. Global Semen Analysis Market Share Forecast by Type (2023-2028)
Figure 39. Global Semen Analysis Revenue Share by Application in 2021
Figure 40. Global Semen Analysis Market Share Forecast by Application (2023-2028)
Figure 41. North America Semen Analysis Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 42. North America Semen Analysis Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 43. North America Semen Analysis Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 44. United States Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 45. Canada Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 46. Mexico Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 47. Europe Semen Analysis Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 48. Europe Semen Analysis Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 49. Europe Semen Analysis Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 50. Germany Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 51. France Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 52. United Kingdom Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 53. Russia Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 54. Italy Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 55. Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 56. Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 57. Asia-Pacific Semen Analysis Revenue Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
Figure 58. China Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 59. Japan Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 60. South Korea Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 61. India Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 62. Southeast Asia Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 63. Australia Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 64. South America Semen Analysis Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 65. South America Semen Analysis Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 66. South America Semen Analysis Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 67. Brazil Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 68. Argentina Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 69. Middle East and Africa Semen Analysis Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2028)
Figure 70. Middle East and Africa Semen Analysis Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2028)
Figure 71. Middle East and Africa Semen Analysis Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
Figure 72. Turkey Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 73. Saudi Arabia Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 74. UAE Semen Analysis Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2028) & (USD Million)
Figure 75. Methodology
Figure 76. Research Process and Data Source