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Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market 2024 by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2029

Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market 2024 by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2029

Publishing Date : Aug, 2023

License Type :
 

Report Code : 1781116

No of Pages : 126

Synopsis
The global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) market size was valued at USD million in 2022 and is forecast to a readjusted size of USD million by 2029 with a CAGR of % during review period.
SERDES IP stands for Serializer/Deserializer Intellectual Property. It refers to a specialized electronic design component or module that facilitates the transmission of serial data over high-speed communication interfaces. SERDES technology is commonly used in various applications, including data communication, networking, telecommunications, and storage systems.
SERDES IP is typically implemented as a digital integrated circuit (IC) and is often provided as intellectual property (IP) by semiconductor companies or IP vendors. It incorporates the necessary circuitry and algorithms to convert parallel data into a serialized format for transmission and then convert the received serialized data back into parallel form for processing.
The primary purpose of SERDES IP is to enable the efficient and reliable transfer of data across high-speed interfaces while minimizing signal degradation and noise interference. It handles tasks such as data serialization, clock recovery, signal conditioning, and error detection and correction.
The Global Mobile Economy Development Report 2023 released by GSMA Intelligence pointed out that by the end of 2022, the number of global mobile users would exceed 5.4 billion. The mobile ecosystem supports 16 million jobs directly and 12 million jobs indirectly.
According to our Communications Research Centre, in 2022, the global communication equipment was valued at US$ 100 billion. The U.S. and China are powerhouses in the manufacture of communications equipment. According to data from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, the cumulative revenue of telecommunications services in 2022 was ¥1.58 trillion, an increase of 8% over the previous year. The total amount of telecommunications business calculated at the price of the previous year reached ¥1.75 trillion, a year-on-year increase of 21.3%. In the same year, the fixed Internet broadband access business revenue was ¥240.2 billion, an increase of 7.1% over the previous year, and its proportion in the telecommunications business revenue decreased from 15.3% in the previous year to 15.2%, driving the telecommunications business revenue to increase by 1.1 percentage points.
The Global Info Research report includes an overview of the development of the Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) industry chain, the market status of High-Speed Communication Interfaces (High-Speed SERDES, Low-Power SERDES), Networking Equipment (High-Speed SERDES, Low-Power SERDES), and key enterprises in developed and developing market, and analysed the cutting-edge technology, patent, hot applications and market trends of Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES).
Regionally, the report analyzes the Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) markets in key regions. North America and Europe are experiencing steady growth, driven by government initiatives and increasing consumer awareness. Asia-Pacific, particularly China, leads the global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) market, with robust domestic demand, supportive policies, and a strong manufacturing base.
Key Features:
The report presents comprehensive understanding of the Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) market. It provides a holistic view of the industry, as well as detailed insights into individual components and stakeholders. The report analysis market dynamics, trends, challenges, and opportunities within the Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) industry.
The report involves analyzing the market at a macro level:
Market Sizing and Segmentation: Report collect data on the overall market size, including the sales quantity (K Units), revenue generated, and market share of different by Type (e.g., High-Speed SERDES, Low-Power SERDES).
Industry Analysis: Report analyse the broader industry trends, such as government policies and regulations, technological advancements, consumer preferences, and market dynamics. This analysis helps in understanding the key drivers and challenges influencing the Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) market.
Regional Analysis: The report involves examining the Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) market at a regional or national level. Report analyses regional factors such as government incentives, infrastructure development, economic conditions, and consumer behaviour to identify variations and opportunities within different markets.
Market Projections: Report covers the gathered data and analysis to make future projections and forecasts for the Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) market. This may include estimating market growth rates, predicting market demand, and identifying emerging trends.
The report also involves a more granular approach to Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES):
Company Analysis: Report covers individual Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) manufacturers, suppliers, and other relevant industry players. This analysis includes studying their financial performance, market positioning, product portfolios, partnerships, and strategies.
Consumer Analysis: Report covers data on consumer behaviour, preferences, and attitudes towards Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) This may involve surveys, interviews, and analysis of consumer reviews and feedback from different by Application (High-Speed Communication Interfaces, Networking Equipment).
Technology Analysis: Report covers specific technologies relevant to Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES). It assesses the current state, advancements, and potential future developments in Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) areas.
Competitive Landscape: By analyzing individual companies, suppliers, and consumers, the report present insights into the competitive landscape of the Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) market. This analysis helps understand market share, competitive advantages, and potential areas for differentiation among industry players.
Market Validation: The report involves validating findings and projections through primary research, such as surveys, interviews, and focus groups.
Market Segmentation
Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) market is split by Type and by Application. For the period 2018-2029, the growth among segments provides accurate calculations and forecasts for consumption value by Type, and by Application in terms of volume and value.
Market segment by Type
High-Speed SERDES
Low-Power SERDES
Long-Reach SERDES
Others
Market segment by Application
High-Speed Communication Interfaces
Networking Equipment
Storage Systems
Video and Audio Interfaces
Others
Major players covered
Synopsys
Xilinx
Cadence Design Systems
Rambus
Marvell
Intel
Credo
Lattice Semiconductor
eSilicon
Texas Instruments
S2C
Peraso
Semtech
Point2 Technology
Microchip Technology
Fermionic Design
Silicon Creations
M31 Technology
Microtronix
Global Unichip Crop
Market segment by region, regional analysis covers
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, and Rest of Europe)
Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India, Southeast Asia, and Australia)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, and Rest of South America)
Middle East & Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, South Africa, and Rest of Middle East & Africa)
The content of the study subjects, includes a total of 15 chapters:
Chapter 1, to describe Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) product scope, market overview, market estimation caveats and base year.
Chapter 2, to profile the top manufacturers of Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES), with price, sales, revenue and global market share of Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) from 2018 to 2023.
Chapter 3, the Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) competitive situation, sales quantity, revenue and global market share of top manufacturers are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.
Chapter 4, the Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) breakdown data are shown at the regional level, to show the sales quantity, consumption value and growth by regions, from 2018 to 2029.
Chapter 5 and 6, to segment the sales by Type and application, with sales market share and growth rate by type, application, from 2018 to 2029.
Chapter 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, to break the sales data at the country level, with sales quantity, consumption value and market share for key countries in the world, from 2017 to 2022.and Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) market forecast, by regions, type and application, with sales and revenue, from 2024 to 2029.
Chapter 12, market dynamics, drivers, restraints, trends, Porters Five Forces analysis, and Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War.
Chapter 13, the key raw materials and key suppliers, and industry chain of Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES).
Chapter 14 and 15, to describe Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) sales channel, distributors, customers, research findings and conclusion.
Index
1 Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES)
1.2 Market Estimation Caveats and Base Year
1.3 Market Analysis by Type
1.3.1 Overview: Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value by Type: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2029
1.3.2 High-Speed SERDES
1.3.3 Low-Power SERDES
1.3.4 Long-Reach SERDES
1.3.5 Others
1.4 Market Analysis by Application
1.4.1 Overview: Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value by Application: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2029
1.4.2 High-Speed Communication Interfaces
1.4.3 Networking Equipment
1.4.4 Storage Systems
1.4.5 Video and Audio Interfaces
1.4.6 Others
1.5 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market Size & Forecast
1.5.1 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
1.5.2 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity (2018-2029)
1.5.3 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Average Price (2018-2029)
2 Manufacturers Profiles
2.1 Synopsys
2.1.1 Synopsys Details
2.1.2 Synopsys Major Business
2.1.3 Synopsys Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.1.4 Synopsys Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.1.5 Synopsys Recent Developments/Updates
2.2 Xilinx
2.2.1 Xilinx Details
2.2.2 Xilinx Major Business
2.2.3 Xilinx Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.2.4 Xilinx Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.2.5 Xilinx Recent Developments/Updates
2.3 Cadence Design Systems
2.3.1 Cadence Design Systems Details
2.3.2 Cadence Design Systems Major Business
2.3.3 Cadence Design Systems Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.3.4 Cadence Design Systems Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.3.5 Cadence Design Systems Recent Developments/Updates
2.4 Rambus
2.4.1 Rambus Details
2.4.2 Rambus Major Business
2.4.3 Rambus Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.4.4 Rambus Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.4.5 Rambus Recent Developments/Updates
2.5 Marvell
2.5.1 Marvell Details
2.5.2 Marvell Major Business
2.5.3 Marvell Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.5.4 Marvell Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.5.5 Marvell Recent Developments/Updates
2.6 Intel
2.6.1 Intel Details
2.6.2 Intel Major Business
2.6.3 Intel Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.6.4 Intel Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.6.5 Intel Recent Developments/Updates
2.7 Credo
2.7.1 Credo Details
2.7.2 Credo Major Business
2.7.3 Credo Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.7.4 Credo Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.7.5 Credo Recent Developments/Updates
2.8 Lattice Semiconductor
2.8.1 Lattice Semiconductor Details
2.8.2 Lattice Semiconductor Major Business
2.8.3 Lattice Semiconductor Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.8.4 Lattice Semiconductor Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.8.5 Lattice Semiconductor Recent Developments/Updates
2.9 eSilicon
2.9.1 eSilicon Details
2.9.2 eSilicon Major Business
2.9.3 eSilicon Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.9.4 eSilicon Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.9.5 eSilicon Recent Developments/Updates
2.10 Texas Instruments
2.10.1 Texas Instruments Details
2.10.2 Texas Instruments Major Business
2.10.3 Texas Instruments Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.10.4 Texas Instruments Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.10.5 Texas Instruments Recent Developments/Updates
2.11 S2C
2.11.1 S2C Details
2.11.2 S2C Major Business
2.11.3 S2C Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.11.4 S2C Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.11.5 S2C Recent Developments/Updates
2.12 Peraso
2.12.1 Peraso Details
2.12.2 Peraso Major Business
2.12.3 Peraso Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.12.4 Peraso Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.12.5 Peraso Recent Developments/Updates
2.13 Semtech
2.13.1 Semtech Details
2.13.2 Semtech Major Business
2.13.3 Semtech Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.13.4 Semtech Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.13.5 Semtech Recent Developments/Updates
2.14 Point2 Technology
2.14.1 Point2 Technology Details
2.14.2 Point2 Technology Major Business
2.14.3 Point2 Technology Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.14.4 Point2 Technology Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.14.5 Point2 Technology Recent Developments/Updates
2.15 Microchip Technology
2.15.1 Microchip Technology Details
2.15.2 Microchip Technology Major Business
2.15.3 Microchip Technology Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.15.4 Microchip Technology Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.15.5 Microchip Technology Recent Developments/Updates
2.16 Fermionic Design
2.16.1 Fermionic Design Details
2.16.2 Fermionic Design Major Business
2.16.3 Fermionic Design Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.16.4 Fermionic Design Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.16.5 Fermionic Design Recent Developments/Updates
2.17 Silicon Creations
2.17.1 Silicon Creations Details
2.17.2 Silicon Creations Major Business
2.17.3 Silicon Creations Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.17.4 Silicon Creations Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.17.5 Silicon Creations Recent Developments/Updates
2.18 M31 Technology
2.18.1 M31 Technology Details
2.18.2 M31 Technology Major Business
2.18.3 M31 Technology Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.18.4 M31 Technology Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.18.5 M31 Technology Recent Developments/Updates
2.19 Microtronix
2.19.1 Microtronix Details
2.19.2 Microtronix Major Business
2.19.3 Microtronix Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.19.4 Microtronix Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.19.5 Microtronix Recent Developments/Updates
2.20 Global Unichip Crop
2.20.1 Global Unichip Crop Details
2.20.2 Global Unichip Crop Major Business
2.20.3 Global Unichip Crop Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Product and Services
2.20.4 Global Unichip Crop Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.20.5 Global Unichip Crop Recent Developments/Updates
3 Competitive Environment: Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) by Manufacturer
3.1 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.2 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Revenue by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.3 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Average Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.4 Market Share Analysis (2022)
3.4.1 Producer Shipments of Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) by Manufacturer Revenue ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2022
3.4.2 Top 3 Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Manufacturer Market Share in 2022
3.4.2 Top 6 Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Manufacturer Market Share in 2022
3.5 Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market: Overall Company Footprint Analysis
3.5.1 Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market: Region Footprint
3.5.2 Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market: Company Product Type Footprint
3.5.3 Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market: Company Product Application Footprint
3.6 New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
3.7 Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
4 Consumption Analysis by Region
4.1 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market Size by Region
4.1.1 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2029)
4.1.2 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value by Region (2018-2029)
4.1.3 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Average Price by Region (2018-2029)
4.2 North America Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.3 Europe Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.4 Asia-Pacific Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.5 South America Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.6 Middle East and Africa Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value (2018-2029)
5 Market Segment by Type
5.1 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
5.2 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value by Type (2018-2029)
5.3 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Average Price by Type (2018-2029)
6 Market Segment by Application
6.1 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
6.2 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value by Application (2018-2029)
6.3 Global Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Average Price by Application (2018-2029)
7 North America
7.1 North America Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
7.2 North America Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
7.3 North America Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market Size by Country
7.3.1 North America Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
7.3.2 North America Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
7.3.3 United States Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7.3.4 Canada Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7.3.5 Mexico Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8 Europe
8.1 Europe Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
8.2 Europe Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
8.3 Europe Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market Size by Country
8.3.1 Europe Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
8.3.2 Europe Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
8.3.3 Germany Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.4 France Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.5 United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.6 Russia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.7 Italy Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9 Asia-Pacific
9.1 Asia-Pacific Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
9.2 Asia-Pacific Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
9.3 Asia-Pacific Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market Size by Region
9.3.1 Asia-Pacific Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2029)
9.3.2 Asia-Pacific Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value by Region (2018-2029)
9.3.3 China Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.4 Japan Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.5 Korea Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.6 India Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.7 Southeast Asia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.8 Australia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
10 South America
10.1 South America Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
10.2 South America Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
10.3 South America Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market Size by Country
10.3.1 South America Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
10.3.2 South America Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
10.3.3 Brazil Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
10.3.4 Argentina Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11 Middle East & Africa
11.1 Middle East & Africa Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
11.2 Middle East & Africa Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
11.3 Middle East & Africa Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market Size by Country
11.3.1 Middle East & Africa Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
11.3.2 Middle East & Africa Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
11.3.3 Turkey Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.4 Egypt Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.5 Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.6 South Africa Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
12 Market Dynamics
12.1 Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market Drivers
12.2 Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Market Restraints
12.3 Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Trends Analysis
12.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis
12.4.1 Threat of New Entrants
12.4.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
12.4.3 Bargaining Power of Buyers
12.4.4 Threat of Substitutes
12.4.5 Competitive Rivalry
12.5 Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War
12.5.1 Influence of COVID-19
12.5.2 Influence of Russia-Ukraine War
13 Raw Material and Industry Chain
13.1 Raw Material of Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) and Key Manufacturers
13.2 Manufacturing Costs Percentage of Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES)
13.3 Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Production Process
13.4 Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Industrial Chain
14 Shipments by Distribution Channel
14.1 Sales Channel
14.1.1 Direct to End-User
14.1.2 Distributors
14.2 Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Typical Distributors
14.3 Serializer-Deserializer (SERDES) Typical Customers
15 Research Findings and Conclusion
16 Appendix
16.1 Methodology
16.2 Research Process and Data Source
16.3 Disclaimer

Published By : GlobalInfoResearch

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