The Market Reports

Index

1 Taste Modulation Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Taste Modulation
1.2 Taste Modulation Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Taste Modulation Sales Growth Rate Comparison by Type (2021-2027)
1.2.2 Sweet Modulator
1.2.3 Salt Modulator
1.2.4 Mouthfeel Modulator
1.2.5 Masking Modulator
1.3 Taste Modulation Segment by Application
1.3.1 Global Taste Modulation Sales Comparison by Application: (2021-2027)
1.3.2 Food & Beverage
1.3.3 Pharmaceutical
1.3.4 Others
1.4 Global Taste Modulation Market Size Estimates and Forecasts
1.4.1 Global Taste Modulation Revenue 2016-2027
1.4.2 Global Taste Modulation Sales 2016-2027
1.4.3 Taste Modulation Market Size by Region: 2016 Versus 2021 Versus 2027

2 Taste Modulation Market Competition by Manufacturers
2.1 Global Taste Modulation Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.2 Global Taste Modulation Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.3 Global Taste Modulation Average Price by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.4 Manufacturers Taste Modulation Manufacturing Sites, Area Served, Product Type
2.5 Taste Modulation Market Competitive Situation and Trends
2.5.1 Taste Modulation Market Concentration Rate
2.5.2 The Global Top 5 and Top 10 Largest Taste Modulation Players Market Share by Revenue
2.5.3 Global Taste Modulation Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)
2.6 Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans

3 Taste Modulation Retrospective Market Scenario by Region
3.1 Global Taste Modulation Retrospective Market Scenario in Sales by Region: 2016-2021
3.2 Global Taste Modulation Retrospective Market Scenario in Revenue by Region: 2016-2021
3.3 North America Taste Modulation Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.3.1 North America Taste Modulation Sales by Country
3.3.2 North America Taste Modulation Revenue by Country
3.3.3 United States
3.3.4 Canada
3.4 Europe Taste Modulation Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.4.1 Europe Taste Modulation Sales by Country
3.4.2 Europe Taste Modulation Revenue by Country
3.4.3 Germany
3.4.4 France
3.4.5 U.K.
3.4.6 Italy
3.4.7 Russia
3.5 Asia Pacific Taste Modulation Market Facts & Figures by Region
3.5.1 Asia Pacific Taste Modulation Sales by Region
3.5.2 Asia Pacific Taste Modulation Revenue by Region
3.5.3 China
3.5.4 Japan
3.5.5 South Korea
3.5.6 India
3.5.7 Australia
3.5.8 China Taiwan
3.5.9 Indonesia
3.5.10 Thailand
3.5.11 Malaysia
3.6 Latin America Taste Modulation Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.6.1 Latin America Taste Modulation Sales by Country
3.6.2 Latin America Taste Modulation Revenue by Country
3.6.3 Mexico
3.6.4 Brazil
3.6.5 Argentina
3.6.6 Colombia
3.7 Middle East and Africa Taste Modulation Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.7.1 Middle East and Africa Taste Modulation Sales by Country
3.7.2 Middle East and Africa Taste Modulation Revenue by Country
3.7.3 Turkey
3.7.4 Saudi Arabia
3.7.5 UAE
4 Global Taste Modulation Historic Market Analysis by Type
4.1 Global Taste Modulation Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
4.2 Global Taste Modulation Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
4.3 Global Taste Modulation Price by Type (2016-2021)

5 Global Taste Modulation Historic Market Analysis by Application
5.1 Global Taste Modulation Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
5.2 Global Taste Modulation Revenue Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
5.3 Global Taste Modulation Price by Application (2016-2021)

6 Key Companies Profiled
6.1 Royal DSM
6.1.1 Royal DSM Corporation Information
6.1.2 Royal DSM Description and Business Overview
6.1.3 Royal DSM Taste Modulation Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.1.4 Royal DSM Taste Modulation Product Portfolio
6.1.5 Royal DSM Recent Developments/Updates
6.2 IFF Inc
6.2.1 IFF Inc Corporation Information
6.2.2 IFF Inc Description and Business Overview
6.2.3 IFF Inc Taste Modulation Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.2.4 IFF Inc Taste Modulation Product Portfolio
6.2.5 IFF Inc Recent Developments/Updates
6.3 Kerry Group
6.3.1 Kerry Group Corporation Information
6.3.2 Kerry Group Description and Business Overview
6.3.3 Kerry Group Taste Modulation Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.3.4 Kerry Group Taste Modulation Product Portfolio
6.3.5 Kerry Group Recent Developments/Updates
6.4 Sensient
6.4.1 Sensient Corporation Information
6.4.2 Sensient Description and Business Overview
6.4.3 Sensient Taste Modulation Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.4.4 Sensient Taste Modulation Product Portfolio
6.4.5 Sensient Recent Developments/Updates
6.5 Mccormickflavor
6.5.1 Mccormickflavor Corporation Information
6.5.2 Mccormickflavor Description and Business Overview
6.5.3 Mccormickflavor Taste Modulation Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.5.4 Mccormickflavor Taste Modulation Product Portfolio
6.5.5 Mccormickflavor Recent Developments/Updates
6.6 T. Hasegawa
6.6.1 T. Hasegawa Corporation Information
6.6.2 T. Hasegawa Description and Business Overview
6.6.3 T. Hasegawa Taste Modulation Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.6.4 T. Hasegawa Taste Modulation Product Portfolio
6.6.5 T. Hasegawa Recent Developments/Updates
6.7 Givaudan
6.6.1 Givaudan Corporation Information
6.6.2 Givaudan Description and Business Overview
6.6.3 Givaudan Taste Modulation Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.4.4 Givaudan Taste Modulation Product Portfolio
6.7.5 Givaudan Recent Developments/Updates
6.8 Firmenich
6.8.1 Firmenich Corporation Information
6.8.2 Firmenich Description and Business Overview
6.8.3 Firmenich Taste Modulation Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.8.4 Firmenich Taste Modulation Product Portfolio
6.8.5 Firmenich Recent Developments/Updates
6.9 The Flavor Factory
6.9.1 The Flavor Factory Corporation Information
6.9.2 The Flavor Factory Description and Business Overview
6.9.3 The Flavor Factory Taste Modulation Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.9.4 The Flavor Factory Taste Modulation Product Portfolio
6.9.5 The Flavor Factory Recent Developments/Updates
6.10 Symrise
6.10.1 Symrise Corporation Information
6.10.2 Symrise Description and Business Overview
6.10.3 Symrise Taste Modulation Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.10.4 Symrise Taste Modulation Product Portfolio
6.10.5 Symrise Recent Developments/Updates
6.11 Cargill
6.11.1 Cargill Corporation Information
6.11.2 Cargill Taste Modulation Description and Business Overview
6.11.3 Cargill Taste Modulation Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.11.4 Cargill Taste Modulation Product Portfolio
6.11.5 Cargill Recent Developments/Updates
6.12 Wild Flavors Inc
6.12.1 Wild Flavors Inc Corporation Information
6.12.2 Wild Flavors Inc Taste Modulation Description and Business Overview
6.12.3 Wild Flavors Inc Taste Modulation Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.12.4 Wild Flavors Inc Taste Modulation Product Portfolio
6.12.5 Wild Flavors Inc Recent Developments/Updates

7 Taste Modulation Manufacturing Cost Analysis
7.1 Taste Modulation Key Raw Materials Analysis
7.1.1 Key Raw Materials
7.1.2 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
7.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
7.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Taste Modulation
7.4 Taste Modulation Industrial Chain Analysis

8 Marketing Channel, Distributors and Customers
8.1 Marketing Channel
8.2 Taste Modulation Distributors List
8.3 Taste Modulation Customers

9 Taste Modulation Market Dynamics
9.1 Taste Modulation Industry Trends
9.2 Taste Modulation Growth Drivers
9.3 Taste Modulation Market Challenges
9.4 Taste Modulation Market Restraints

10 Global Market Forecast
10.1 Taste Modulation Market Estimates and Projections by Type
10.1.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Taste Modulation by Type (2022-2027)
10.1.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Taste Modulation by Type (2022-2027)
10.2 Taste Modulation Market Estimates and Projections by Application
10.2.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Taste Modulation by Application (2022-2027)
10.2.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Taste Modulation by Application (2022-2027)
10.3 Taste Modulation Market Estimates and Projections by Region
10.3.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Taste Modulation by Region (2022-2027)
10.3.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Taste Modulation by Region (2022-2027)

11 Research Finding and Conclusion

12 Methodology and Data Source
12.1 Methodology/Research Approach
12.1.1 Research Programs/Design
12.1.2 Market Size Estimation
12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
12.2 Data Source
12.2.1 Secondary Sources
12.2.2 Primary Sources
12.3 Author List
12.4 Disclaimer

List of Tables

List of Tables
Table 1. Global Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton) Growth Rate Comparison by Type (2021-2027)
Table 2. Global Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton) Comparison by Application (2021-2027)
Table 3. Global Taste Modulation Market Size by Region (US$ Million) (2016 VS 2021 VS 2027)
Table 4. Key Manufacturers Taste Modulation Covered in This Study
Table 5. Global Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton) of Key Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 6. Global Taste Modulation Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 7. Global Taste Modulation Revenue (US$ Million) by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 8. Global Taste Modulation Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 9. Global Market Taste Modulation Average Price (US$/Ton) of Key Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 10. Manufacturers Taste Modulation Manufacturing Sites and Area Served
Table 11. Manufacturers Taste Modulation Product Type
Table 12. Global Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 13. Global Taste Modulation by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) (based on the Revenue in Taste Modulation as of 2020)
Table 14. Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 15. Global Taste Modulation Sales by Region (2016-2021) & (Kiloton)
Table 16. Global Taste Modulation Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 17. Global Taste Modulation Revenue by Region (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 18. North America Taste Modulation Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (Kiloton)
Table 19. North America Taste Modulation Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 20. North America Taste Modulation Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 21. North America Taste Modulation Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 22. Europe Taste Modulation Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (Kiloton)
Table 23. Europe Taste Modulation Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 24. Europe Taste Modulation Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 25. Europe Taste Modulation Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 26. Asia Pacific Taste Modulation Sales by Region (2016-2021) & (Kiloton)
Table 27. Asia Pacific Taste Modulation Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 28. Asia Pacific Taste Modulation Revenue by Region (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 29. Asia Pacific Taste Modulation Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 30. Latin America Taste Modulation Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (Kiloton)
Table 31. Latin America Taste Modulation Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 32. Latin America Taste Modulation Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 33. Latin America Taste Modulation Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 34. Middle East and Africa Taste Modulation Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (Kiloton)
Table 35. Middle East and Africa Taste Modulation Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 36. Middle East and Africa Taste Modulation Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 37. Middle East and Africa Taste Modulation Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 38. Global Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 39. Global Taste Modulation Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 40. Global Taste Modulation Revenue (Million US$) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 41. Global Taste Modulation Revenue Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 42. Global Taste Modulation Price (US$/Ton) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 43. Global Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton) by Application (2016-2021)
Table 44. Global Taste Modulation Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 45. Global Taste Modulation Revenue (Million US$) by Application (2016-2021)
Table 46. Global Taste Modulation Revenue Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 47. Global Taste Modulation Price (US$/Ton) by Application (2016-2021)
Table 48. Royal DSM Corporation Information
Table 49. Royal DSM Description and Business Overview
Table 50. Royal DSM Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 51. Royal DSM Taste Modulation Product
Table 52. Royal DSM Recent Developments/Updates
Table 53. IFF Inc Corporation Information
Table 54. IFF Inc Description and Business Overview
Table 55. IFF Inc Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 56. IFF Inc Taste Modulation Product
Table 57. IFF Inc Recent Developments/Updates
Table 58. Kerry Group Corporation Information
Table 59. Kerry Group Description and Business Overview
Table 60. Kerry Group Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 61. Kerry Group Taste Modulation Product
Table 62. Kerry Group Recent Developments/Updates
Table 63. Sensient Corporation Information
Table 64. Sensient Description and Business Overview
Table 65. Sensient Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 66. Sensient Taste Modulation Product
Table 67. Sensient Recent Developments/Updates
Table 68. Mccormickflavor Corporation Information
Table 69. Mccormickflavor Description and Business Overview
Table 70. Mccormickflavor Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 71. Mccormickflavor Taste Modulation Product
Table 72. Mccormickflavor Recent Developments/Updates
Table 73. T. Hasegawa Corporation Information
Table 74. T. Hasegawa Description and Business Overview
Table 75. T. Hasegawa Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 76. T. Hasegawa Taste Modulation Product
Table 77. T. Hasegawa Recent Developments/Updates
Table 78. Givaudan Corporation Information
Table 79. Givaudan Description and Business Overview
Table 80. Givaudan Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 81. Givaudan Taste Modulation Product
Table 82. Givaudan Recent Developments/Updates
Table 83. Firmenich Corporation Information
Table 84. Firmenich Description and Business Overview
Table 85. Firmenich Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 86. Firmenich Taste Modulation Product
Table 87. Firmenich Recent Developments/Updates
Table 88. The Flavor Factory Corporation Information
Table 89. The Flavor Factory Description and Business Overview
Table 90. The Flavor Factory Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 91. The Flavor Factory Taste Modulation Product
Table 92. The Flavor Factory Recent Developments/Updates
Table 93. Symrise Corporation Information
Table 94. Symrise Description and Business Overview
Table 95. Symrise Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 96. Symrise Taste Modulation Product
Table 97. Symrise Recent Developments/Updates
Table 98. Cargill Corporation Information
Table 99. Cargill Description and Business Overview
Table 100. Cargill Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 101. Cargill Taste Modulation Product
Table 102. Cargill Recent Developments/Updates
Table 103. Wild Flavors Inc Corporation Information
Table 104. Wild Flavors Inc Description and Business Overview
Table 105. Wild Flavors Inc Taste Modulation Sales (Kiloton), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 106. Wild Flavors Inc Taste Modulation Product
Table 107. Wild Flavors Inc Recent Developments/Updates
Table 108. Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Table 109. Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Table 110. Taste Modulation Distributors List
Table 111. Taste Modulation Customers List
Table 112. Taste Modulation Market Trends
Table 113. Taste Modulation Growth Drivers
Table 114. Taste Modulation Market Challenges
Table 115. Taste Modulation Market Restraints
Table 116. Global Taste Modulation Sales Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (Kiloton)
Table 117. Global Taste Modulation Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table 118. Global Taste Modulation Revenue Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 119. Global Taste Modulation Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table 120. Global Taste Modulation Sales Forecast by Application (2022-2027) & (Kiloton)
Table 121. Global Taste Modulation Sales Market Share Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table 122. Global Taste Modulation Revenue Forecast by Application (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 123. Global Taste Modulation Revenue Market Share Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table 124. Global Taste Modulation Sales Forecast by Region (2022-2027) & (Kiloton)
Table 125. Global Taste Modulation Sales Market Share Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 126. Global Taste Modulation Revenue Forecast by Region (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 127. Global Taste Modulation Revenue Market Share Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 128. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 129. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 130. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Taste Modulation
Figure 2. Global Taste Modulation Market Share by Type in 2020 & 2027
Figure 3. Sweet Modulator Product Picture
Figure 4. Salt Modulator Product Picture
Figure 5. Mouthfeel Modulator Product Picture
Figure 6. Masking Modulator Product Picture
Figure 7. Global Taste Modulation Market Share by Application in 2020 & 2027
Figure 8. Food & Beverage
Figure 9. Pharmaceutical
Figure 10. Others
Figure 11. Global Taste Modulation Revenue, (US$ Million), 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
Figure 12. Global Taste Modulation Market Size 2016-2027 (US$ Million)
Figure 13. Global Taste Modulation Sales 2016-2027 (Kiloton)
Figure 14. Global Taste Modulation Market Size Market Share by Region: 2016 VS 20210 VS 2027
Figure 15. Taste Modulation Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 16. Global Taste Modulation Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 17. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Taste Modulation Players: Market Share by Revenue in 2020
Figure 18. Taste Modulation Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2016 VS 2021
Figure 19. Global Taste Modulation Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 20. Global Taste Modulation Sales Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 21. Global Taste Modulation Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 22. Global Taste Modulation Revenue Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 23. United States Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 24. Canada Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 25. Germany Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 26. France Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 27. U.K. Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 28. Italy Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 29. Russia Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 30. China Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 31. Japan Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 32. South Korea Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 33. India Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 34. Australia Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 35. China Taiwan Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 36. Indonesia Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 37. Thailand Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 38. Malaysia Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 39. Mexico Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 40. Brazil Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 41. Argentina Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 42. Colombia Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 43. Turkey Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 44. Saudi Arabia Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 45. UAE Taste Modulation Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 46. Sales Market Share of Taste Modulation by Type (2016-2021)
Figure 47. Sales Market Share of Taste Modulation by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 48. Sales Market Share of Taste Modulation by Application in 2020
Figure 49. Revenue Share of Taste Modulation by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 50. Revenue Share of Taste Modulation by Application in 2020
Figure 51. Manufacturing Cost Structure of Taste Modulation
Figure 52. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Taste Modulation
Figure 53. Taste Modulation Industrial Chain Analysis
Figure 54. Channels of Distribution
Figure 55. Distributors Profiles
Figure 56. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 57. Data Triangulation
Figure 58. Key Executives Interviewed