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Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit-Global Market Insights and Sales Trends 2024
Synopsis
Integrated drive unit consists of an electric motor, power electronics, and gearbox packed into a single unit for EVs.
The global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market size is expected to reach US$ million by 2029, growing at a CAGR of % from 2023 to 2029. The market is mainly driven by the significant applications of Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit in various end use industries. The expanding demands from the Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs), are propelling Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market. Electric Motor, one of the segments analysed in this report, is projected to record % CAGR and reach US$ million by the end of the analysis period. Growth in the Power Electronics segment is estimated at % CAGR for the next seven-year period.
Global EV sales continued strong. A total of 10,5 million new BEVs and PHEVs were delivered during 2022, an increase of +55 % compared to 2021. China and Europe emerged as the main drivers of strong growth in global EV sales. In 2022, the production and sales of new energy vehicles in China reach 7.0 million and 6.8 million respectively, a year-on-year increase of 96.9% and 93.4%, with a market share of 25.6%. The production and sales of new energy vehicles have ranked first in the world for eight consecutive years. Among them, the sales volume of pure electric vehicles was 5.365 million, a year-on-year increase of 81.6%. In 2022, sales of pure electric vehicles in Europe will increase by 29% year-on-year to 1.58 million.
Report Objectives
This report provides market insight on the different segments, by manufacturers, by Type, by Application. Market size and forecast (2018-2029) has been provided in the report. The primary objectives of this report are to provide 1) global market size and forecasts, growth rates, market dynamics, industry structure and developments, market situation, trends; 2) global market share and ranking by company; 3) comprehensive presentation of the global market for Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis through detailed segmentation; 4) detailed value chain analysis and review of growth factors essential for the existing market players and new entrants; 5) emerging opportunities in the market and the future impact of major drivers and restraints of the market.
Key Features of The Study:
This report provides in-depth analysis of the global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market, and provides market size (US$ million) and CAGR for the forecast period (2023-2029), considering 2022 as the base year.
This report profiles key players in the global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market based on the following parameters - company details (found date, headquarters, manufacturing bases), products portfolio, Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit sales data, market share and ranking.
This report elucidates potential market opportunities across different segments and explains attractive investment proposition matrices for this market.
This report illustrates key insights about market drivers, restraints, opportunities, market trends, regional outlook.
Key companies of Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit covered in this report include Bosch, BorgWarner, Continental, GKN, Siemens and ZF Friedrichshafen, etc.
The global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market report caters to various stakeholders in this industry including investors, suppliers, product manufacturers, distributors, new entrants, and financial analysts.
Market Segmentation
Company Profiles:
Bosch
BorgWarner
Continental
GKN
Siemens
ZF Friedrichshafen
Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market, by region:
North America (U.S., Canada, Mexico)
Europe (Germany, France, UK, Italy, etc.)
Asia Pacific (China, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, India, etc.)
South America (Brazil, etc.)
Middle East and Africa (Turkey, GCC Countries, Africa, etc.)
Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market, Segment by Type:
Electric Motor
Power Electronics
Gearbox
Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market, by Application
Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)
Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)
Core Chapters
Chapter One: Introduces the study scope of this report, executive summary of market segments by Type, market size segments for North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa.
Chapter Two: Detailed analysis of Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit manufacturers competitive landscape, price, sales, revenue, market share and ranking, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter Three: Sales, revenue of Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit in regional level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and introduces the future development prospects, and market space in the world.
Chapter Four: Introduces market segments by Application, market size segment for North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa.
Chapter Five, Six, Seven, Eight and Nine: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa, sales and revenue by country.
Chapter Ten: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter Eleven: Analysis of industrial chain, key raw materials, manufacturing cost, and market dynamics. Introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter Twelve: Analysis of sales channel, distributors and customers.
Chapter Thirteen: Research Findings and Conclusion.
Integrated drive unit consists of an electric motor, power electronics, and gearbox packed into a single unit for EVs.
The global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market size is expected to reach US$ million by 2029, growing at a CAGR of % from 2023 to 2029. The market is mainly driven by the significant applications of Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit in various end use industries. The expanding demands from the Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs), are propelling Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market. Electric Motor, one of the segments analysed in this report, is projected to record % CAGR and reach US$ million by the end of the analysis period. Growth in the Power Electronics segment is estimated at % CAGR for the next seven-year period.
Global EV sales continued strong. A total of 10,5 million new BEVs and PHEVs were delivered during 2022, an increase of +55 % compared to 2021. China and Europe emerged as the main drivers of strong growth in global EV sales. In 2022, the production and sales of new energy vehicles in China reach 7.0 million and 6.8 million respectively, a year-on-year increase of 96.9% and 93.4%, with a market share of 25.6%. The production and sales of new energy vehicles have ranked first in the world for eight consecutive years. Among them, the sales volume of pure electric vehicles was 5.365 million, a year-on-year increase of 81.6%. In 2022, sales of pure electric vehicles in Europe will increase by 29% year-on-year to 1.58 million.
Report Objectives
This report provides market insight on the different segments, by manufacturers, by Type, by Application. Market size and forecast (2018-2029) has been provided in the report. The primary objectives of this report are to provide 1) global market size and forecasts, growth rates, market dynamics, industry structure and developments, market situation, trends; 2) global market share and ranking by company; 3) comprehensive presentation of the global market for Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis through detailed segmentation; 4) detailed value chain analysis and review of growth factors essential for the existing market players and new entrants; 5) emerging opportunities in the market and the future impact of major drivers and restraints of the market.
Key Features of The Study:
This report provides in-depth analysis of the global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market, and provides market size (US$ million) and CAGR for the forecast period (2023-2029), considering 2022 as the base year.
This report profiles key players in the global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market based on the following parameters - company details (found date, headquarters, manufacturing bases), products portfolio, Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit sales data, market share and ranking.
This report elucidates potential market opportunities across different segments and explains attractive investment proposition matrices for this market.
This report illustrates key insights about market drivers, restraints, opportunities, market trends, regional outlook.
Key companies of Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit covered in this report include Bosch, BorgWarner, Continental, GKN, Siemens and ZF Friedrichshafen, etc.
The global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market report caters to various stakeholders in this industry including investors, suppliers, product manufacturers, distributors, new entrants, and financial analysts.
Market Segmentation
Company Profiles:
Bosch
BorgWarner
Continental
GKN
Siemens
ZF Friedrichshafen
Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market, by region:
North America (U.S., Canada, Mexico)
Europe (Germany, France, UK, Italy, etc.)
Asia Pacific (China, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, India, etc.)
South America (Brazil, etc.)
Middle East and Africa (Turkey, GCC Countries, Africa, etc.)
Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market, Segment by Type:
Electric Motor
Power Electronics
Gearbox
Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit market, by Application
Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)
Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)
Core Chapters
Chapter One: Introduces the study scope of this report, executive summary of market segments by Type, market size segments for North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa.
Chapter Two: Detailed analysis of Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit manufacturers competitive landscape, price, sales, revenue, market share and ranking, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter Three: Sales, revenue of Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit in regional level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and introduces the future development prospects, and market space in the world.
Chapter Four: Introduces market segments by Application, market size segment for North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa.
Chapter Five, Six, Seven, Eight and Nine: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa, sales and revenue by country.
Chapter Ten: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter Eleven: Analysis of industrial chain, key raw materials, manufacturing cost, and market dynamics. Introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter Twelve: Analysis of sales channel, distributors and customers.
Chapter Thirteen: Research Findings and Conclusion.
Index1 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Overview
1.1 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Product Overview
1.2 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Segment by Type
1.2.1 Electric Motor
1.2.2 Power Electronics
1.2.3 Gearbox
1.3 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Size by Type
1.3.1 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Size Overview by Type (2018-2029)
1.3.2 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Historic Market Size Review by Type (2018-2023)
1.3.3 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Forecasted Market Size by Type (2024-2029)
1.4 Key Regions Market Size Segment by Type
1.4.1 North America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales Breakdown by Type (2018-2023)
1.4.2 Europe Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales Breakdown by Type (2018-2023)
1.4.3 Asia-Pacific Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales Breakdown by Type (2018-2023)
1.4.4 Latin America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales Breakdown by Type (2018-2023)
1.4.5 Middle East and Africa Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales Breakdown by Type (2018-2023)
2 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Competition by Company
2.1 Global Top Players by Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales (2018-2023)
2.2 Global Top Players by Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Revenue (2018-2023)
2.3 Global Top Players by Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Price (2018-2023)
2.4 Global Top Manufacturers Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type
2.5 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Competitive Situation and Trends
2.5.1 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Concentration Rate (2018-2023)
2.5.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Manufacturers by Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales and Revenue in 2022
2.6 Global Top Manufacturers by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit as of 2022)
2.7 Date of Key Manufacturers Enter into Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market
2.8 Key Manufacturers Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Product Offered
2.9 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
3 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Status and Outlook by Region
3.1 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Size and CAGR by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
3.2 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Historic Market Size by Region
3.2.1 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Volume by Region (2018-2023)
3.2.2 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Value by Region (2018-2023)
3.2.3 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales (Volume & Value) Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
3.3 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Forecasted Market Size by Region
3.3.1 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Volume by Region (2024-2029)
3.3.2 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Value by Region (2024-2029)
3.3.3 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales (Volume & Value), Price and Gross Margin (2024-2029)
4 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit by Application
4.1 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Segment by Application
4.1.1 Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)
4.1.2 Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)
4.2 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Size by Application
4.2.1 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Size Overview by Application (2018-2029)
4.2.2 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Historic Market Size Review by Application (2018-2023)
4.2.3 Global Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Forecasted Market Size by Application (2024-2029)
4.3 Key Regions Market Size Segment by Application
4.3.1 North America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales Breakdown by Application (2018-2023)
4.3.2 Europe Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales Breakdown by Application (2018-2023)
4.3.3 Asia-Pacific Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales Breakdown by Application (2018-2023)
4.3.4 Latin America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales Breakdown by Application (2018-2023)
4.3.5 Middle East and Africa Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales Breakdown by Application (2018-2023)
5 North America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit by Country
5.1 North America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Historic Market Size by Country
5.1.1 North America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
5.1.2 North America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Volume by Country (2018-2023)
5.1.3 North America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Value by Country (2018-2023)
5.2 North America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Forecasted Market Size by Country
5.2.1 North America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Volume by Country (2024-2029)
5.2.2 North America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Value by Country (2024-2029)
6 Europe Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit by Country
6.1 Europe Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Historic Market Size by Country
6.1.1 Europe Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
6.1.2 Europe Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Volume by Country (2018-2023)
6.1.3 Europe Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Value by Country (2018-2023)
6.2 Europe Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Forecasted Market Size by Country
6.2.1 Europe Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Volume by Country (2024-2029)
6.2.2 Europe Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Value by Country (2024-2029)
7 Asia-Pacific Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit by Region
7.1 Asia-Pacific Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Historic Market Size by Region
7.1.1 Asia-Pacific Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
7.1.2 Asia-Pacific Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Volume by Region (2018-2023)
7.1.3 Asia-Pacific Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Value by Region (2018-2023)
7.2 Asia-Pacific Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Forecasted Market Size by Region
7.2.1 Asia-Pacific Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Volume by Region (2024-2029)
7.2.2 Asia-Pacific Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Value by Region (2024-2029)
8 Latin America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit by Country
8.1 Latin America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Historic Market Size by Country
8.1.1 Latin America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
8.1.2 Latin America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Volume by Country (2018-2023)
8.1.3 Latin America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Value by Country (2018-2023)
8.2 Latin America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Forecasted Market Size by Country
8.2.1 Latin America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Volume by Country (2024-2029)
8.2.2 Latin America Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Value by Country (2024-2029)
9 Middle East and Africa Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit by Country
9.1 Middle East and Africa Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Historic Market Size by Country
9.1.1 Middle East and Africa Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
9.1.2 Middle East and Africa Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Volume by Country (2018-2023)
9.1.3 Middle East and Africa Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Value by Country (2018-2023)
9.2 Middle East and Africa Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Forecasted Market Size by Country
9.2.1 Middle East and Africa Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Volume by Country (2024-2029)
9.2.2 Middle East and Africa Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales in Value by Country (2024-2029)
10 Company Profiles
10.1 Bosch
10.1.1 Bosch Company Information
10.1.2 Bosch Introduction and Business Overview
10.1.3 Bosch Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
10.1.4 Bosch Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Products Offered
10.1.5 Bosch Recent Development
10.2 BorgWarner
10.2.1 BorgWarner Company Information
10.2.2 BorgWarner Introduction and Business Overview
10.2.3 BorgWarner Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
10.2.4 BorgWarner Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Products Offered
10.2.5 BorgWarner Recent Development
10.3 Continental
10.3.1 Continental Company Information
10.3.2 Continental Introduction and Business Overview
10.3.3 Continental Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
10.3.4 Continental Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Products Offered
10.3.5 Continental Recent Development
10.4 GKN
10.4.1 GKN Company Information
10.4.2 GKN Introduction and Business Overview
10.4.3 GKN Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
10.4.4 GKN Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Products Offered
10.4.5 GKN Recent Development
10.5 Siemens
10.5.1 Siemens Company Information
10.5.2 Siemens Introduction and Business Overview
10.5.3 Siemens Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
10.5.4 Siemens Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Products Offered
10.5.5 Siemens Recent Development
10.6 ZF Friedrichshafen
10.6.1 ZF Friedrichshafen Company Information
10.6.2 ZF Friedrichshafen Introduction and Business Overview
10.6.3 ZF Friedrichshafen Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
10.6.4 ZF Friedrichshafen Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Products Offered
10.6.5 ZF Friedrichshafen Recent Development
11 Upstream, Opportunities, Challenges, Risks and Influences Factors Analysis
11.1 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Key Raw Materials
11.1.1 Key Raw Materials
11.1.2 Key Raw Materials Price
11.1.3 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
11.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure
11.2.1 Raw Materials
11.2.2 Labor Cost
11.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
11.3 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Industrial Chain Analysis
11.4 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Dynamics
11.4.1 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Industry Trends
11.4.2 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Drivers
11.4.3 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Challenges
11.4.4 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Market Restraints
12 Market Strategy Analysis, Distributors
12.1 Sales Channel
12.2 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Distributors
12.3 Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Integrated Drive Unit Downstream Customers
13 Research Findings and Conclusion
14 Appendix
14.1 Research Methodology
14.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
14.1.2 Data Source
14.2 Author Details
14.3 Disclaimer
Published By : QY Research
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